政府扶持与新型产业发展--以新能源为例  

Government Support and Development of Emerging Industries——A New Energy Industry Survey

作　　者：周亚虹[1] 蒲余路[2] 陈诗一[3] 方芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学经济学院,教育部数理经济重点实验室(上海财经大学),200433 [2]上海财经大学经济学院 [3]复旦大学经济学院 [4]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院

出　　处：《经济研究》2015年第6期147-161,共15页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71171127,71471108);教育部创新团队(2012,统计与计量经济学)的资助

摘　　要：政府对产业的干预在我国经济发展的各个阶段都能见其踪影。当前转型经济时期,政府仍将引导部分产业的发展。新型产业作为经济新常态下最重要的创新驱动来源,还关系到社会对绿色环保需求,受到政府的大力扶持。本文的关注点在于,政府采用传统的补贴供给端的扶持政策,能否起到引导新能源等新型产业自主创新和健康发展的作用。从已有文献来看,关于政府扶持的讨论以传统行业为主,而对需求市场尚不成熟、科技含量要求较高的新型产业政策的机制缺乏相应的研究。本文试图在这方面进行探讨,理论部分通过构建基于新型产业特征的企业行为反应模型,将促进生产和补贴需求的两类政策纳入评价范畴,分别讨论了这两方面政府政策的作用;实证部分采用上市公司样本来检验理论结果。本文主要发现:(1)产业起步阶段,政府补助能带来新型产业盈利优势;(2)产业扩张后,政府扶持难以有效鼓励企业进行更多的研发投入,后果是同质化产能过剩。因此,激励原始创新和转向需求培育可能是未来新型产业政策调整的方向。Government intervention has played an important role in almost every stage of China＇s economic development. China is now experiencing the transitional development, which is called ＂new normal＂ economy. Government still plays a leading role in guiding this new development. New energy industry, as the main driving engine for world economy in last decade, is also at the center of the strategic development in China. A series of government policies are carried out to stimulate the development of this new energy industry. In this paper, we want to discuss the policy effect on the development of new energy industry. As is well known, the government policies in encouraging the development of traditional industries usually focus on the supply side. The emerging industries like new energy industry is essentially different from the traditional counterparts, what of interest is whether such interventions still works well in this new industry. However, relevant existing literature mainly focuses on traditional industries as research objects, rather than emerging industries, which bears different characteristics such as high technology products and immature consumption market. These limitations motivate us to study the government policy effect on the emerging industries, in this paper, we propose an enterprise behavior model concerning firms＇ reaction to production subsidies and demand subsidies provided by the government under the consideration of characteristics of emerging industries. We further use econometric analysis to evaluate the impact of industrial support on corporate profit and R＆D investment of enterprises in emerging industries by using Chinese listed companies＇ data to prove theoretical conclusions. Results show that：（ 1 ） during the start-up periods, government encouraging policy can help to build emerging industries＇ advantage in profit; （2） after industry expansion, due to weak market foundations, subsidies can hardly create incentives for R＆D investment in enterprise level, which w

关 键 词：创新驱动 市场培育 新能源 倾向得分匹配 

分 类 号：F426.2[经济管理—产业经济] D630[政治法律—政治学]