悬浮床渣油加氢未转化油的加工利用  

Treatment and re-utilization of unconverted oil from slurry-bed residue hydrocracking

作　　者：刘建锟[1] 杨涛[1] 蒋立敬[1] 贾永忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁省抚顺市113001

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2015年第5期13-16,共4页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：悬浮床渣油加氢具有原料适应性广、操作简便、不存在堵塞等优点,近年来成为很多石油公司大力开发的热点。但亦存在易结焦、催化剂的有效分散性差等问题。由于未转化油集中了绝大部分原料中金属、缩合产物和催化剂,其金属含量和残炭值很高,二次加工性能差,很难得到利用,从而限制了悬浮床加氢的广泛应用。现有未转化油的利用手段,主要有焦化、制备水泥、调合沥青、从未转化油中提取或回收金属等。探寻未转化油的应用,最根本的目的是实现渣油全部转化。首先确保未转化油性质稳定,以减少其产量和收率。二是将未转化油作为焦化原料,降低现有焦化加工能力和负荷,解决轻油收率低、环保、经济效益差等问题,提高总轻油收率和经济效益。三是将悬浮床与溶剂脱沥青工艺联合,利用溶剂脱沥青脱除未转化油中难以转化的部分,使之可加工更劣质的减压渣油,提高渣油总转化率及中间馏分油收率。With the advantages of wide feedstock adaptability, simple operation, no clogging and pres- sure drop, maximum utilization of reactor volume, etc, the slurry-bed residue hydrocracking process has be- come a hot spot in the research and development of many petrochemical companies in recent years. But the process is subject to several problems such as equipment coking, difficulties of effective catalyst dispersion, insufficient hydrogenation capacity of catalyst and difficulties in engineering scaling up of reactor. Especially, as the most of the metals and condensation products of the feedstock are concentrated in the unconverted oil, the metal and carbon residue are very high and the downstream processing performance is poor, all these have limited the commercial application of the slurry-bed residue hydrocracking process. The main existing outlets of unconverted oil are delayed eoking, cement production, asphalt blending and extraction of metals. The bas- ic objectives of unconverted oil utilization are： I. residue oil is completely converted, the stability of uncon- verted oil properties are ensured to reduce production and yield of unconverted oil; 2. the unconverted oil is used as the feedstock of delayed coker to reduce the capacity of existing delayed coking units to solve the prob- lems of low light oil yields and poor environmental protection and economic benefits ; 3. The slurry-bed process can be integrated with solvent deasphalting process to convert the difficult fraction in the unconverted oil by de- asphalting process. Therefore, the vacuum residue of poorer quality can be processed and the total conversion of residue oil and the vields of middle distillated can be elevated.

关 键 词：悬浮床 未转化油 利用 

分 类 号：TE624.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]