一个测量抑郁症的重要神经指标：静息额叶脑电活动的不对称性  

An Important Neural Indicator of Measuring Depression: The Asymmetry of Resting Frontal Activity

作　　者：刘雷[1,2,3] 周仁来[1,2,4,3,5] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会与行为科学学院心理学系,南京210023 [2]北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室 [3]北京师范大学情绪调节研究中心 [4]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室 [5]北京师范大学脑与学习协同创新中心,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2015年第6期1000-1008,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2011CB711001);中国科学院心理健康重点实验室开放课题;北京尚善公益基金会“尚善”基金资助项目

摘　　要：额叶脑电活动的不对称性指即指额叶脑电图（electroencephalogram, EEG）偏侧化,其考察的是左侧额叶和右侧额叶alpha波（8～13 Hz）的活动。越来越多的研究证据表明,静息额叶EEG偏侧化程度与抑郁症密切相关。回顾国内外关于静息额叶EEG偏侧化与抑郁症之间关系的研究结果和现状,发现静息额叶EEG偏侧化程度与抑郁水平负相关,患有抑郁症个体的静息额叶 EEG 相对右侧化,伴随着右侧额叶更大的活动；从短期和长期而言,抑郁个体静息额叶EEG偏侧化具有稳定性；静息额叶EEG偏侧化对个体的抑郁水平具有预测作用。除此之外,静息额叶 EEG 偏侧化可能反应了背外侧前额叶皮层的活动,其中,左侧背外侧前额叶皮层可能在抑郁症的形成中起了一个主要的作用。未来的研究可致力于进一步探讨静息额叶EEG偏侧化预测抑郁症的神经机制、静息额叶 EEG 偏侧化对抑郁水平预测的可应用性,尝试通过训练（比如,正念冥想训练）来改变抑郁个体的静息额叶EEG偏侧化程度,进而缓解个体的抑郁水平。The asymmetry of resting frontal activity was examined when differential activation of the alpha frequency band of left and right frontal cortex was found, i.e., frontal EEG lateralization. It had been showed largely that resting frontal EEG asymmetry was related to depression. Based on worldwide studies, we found that there was a negative correlation between resting frontal EEG asymmetry and depression level. Compared with individuals without depressive symptoms, those with depressive symptoms showed enhancement of right frontal activity. For depressive individuals, resting frontal EEG asymmetry was stable in the short and long run. That is to say, resting frontal EEG asymmetry predicted the risk of depression, which showed that frontal EEG asymmetry could be regarded as a neural index of depressive symptoms. In addition, resting frontal EEG asymmetry reflected the activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which might play a role in developing depressive symptoms. Future studies should focus on the neural mechanism of resting frontal EEG asymmetry predicting depression, the application of frontal EEG symmetry predicting depressive symptoms, and training methods （e.g., mindfulness training） to change the resting frontal EEG asymmetry of depressive individuals, relieving the depression level.

关 键 词：抑郁症 额叶EEG偏侧化 额叶EEG不对称性 神经指标 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]