2014年内蒙古自治区40所医院ICU医院感染目标性监测分析  

Targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections in ICUs of 40 hospitals of Inner Mongolia autonomous region in 2014

作　　者：刘卫平[1,2] 田勇泉[1] 曹庆玲 秦露露[1] 李振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理系,湖南长沙410078 [2]内蒙古自治区人民医院医院感染控制科,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第11期2492-2494,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2014MS0880)

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古自治区40所医院ICU医院感染及病原菌分布,为预防控制感染提供依据。方法 2014年1月1日-12月31日由ICU工作人员填写ICU日志,医院感染管理专职人员进行医院感染病例监测,监测结果汇总后统一录入医院感染监测及数据直报系统,采用Excel 2010软件进行统计。结果 2014年共监测ICU住院患者8 573例,发生医院感染310例、354例次,感染率3.62%、例次感染率4.13%,日感染率5.94‰、日例次感染率6.78‰;导尿管相关性尿路感染、导管相关性血流感染、呼吸机相关性肺炎的日感染率分别为1.32‰、1.65‰、10.75‰;共检出病原菌314株,其中革兰阴性菌232株占73.89%、革兰阳性菌64株占20.38%、真菌18株占5.73%。结论 ICU患者感染主要以侵入性操作为主,医院感染病原菌大多为多药耐药菌,预防多药耐药菌引起的医院感染是今后工作的重点。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections in the ICUs of 40 hospitals of Inner Mongolia autonomous region and analyze the distribution of pathogens so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of the infections .METHODS From Jan 1 ,2014 to Dec 31 ,2014 ,the ICU logs were filled out by the ICU staff ,the cases of nosocomial infections were monitored by the professional staff of infection control , the monitoring results were input into the nosocomial infection surveillance and data reporting system , and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of Excel2010 software .RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 310 （354 case‐times ） of 8 573 patients who were hospitalized in the ICUs in 2014 ,with the infection rates of 3 .62% and the case‐time infection rate of 4 .13% ,the daily infection rate was 5 .94‰ ,and the daily case‐time infection rate was 6 .78‰ .The daily incidence rates of catheter‐related urinary tract infections ,catheter‐relat‐ed bloodstream infections ,and ventilator‐associated pneumonia were 1 .32‰ ,1 .65‰ ,and 10 .75‰ ,respectively . A total of 314 strains of pathogens have been isolated ,including 232 （73 .89% ） strains of gram‐negative bacteria , 64 （20 .38% ） strains of gram‐positive bacteria ,and 18 （5 .73% ） strains of fungi .CONCLUSION The invasive operation is the leading factor for the infections in the ICU patients ,the multidrug‐resistant bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing nosocomial infections ,and it is necessary to focus on the prevention of nosocomial infections induced by the multidrug‐resistant bacteria .

关 键 词：医院感染 重症监护病房 目标性监测 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]