数字化核电厂操纵员监视行为可靠性分析及其应用  

Reliability Analysis of Operator's Monitoring Behavior in Digital Main Control Room of Nuclear Power Plants and Its Application

作　　者：张力[1,2] 胡鸿[1,2] 李鹏程[3] 易灿南[2] 蒋建军[3] 陈青青[2] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学核科学与技术学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南工学院人因工程与安全管理研究所,湖南衡阳421001 [3]南华大学人因研究所,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2015年第5期921-929,共9页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71071051;71371070);岭东核电公司科研项目资助(KR70543);安全工程教育部第一类特色专业建设点资助项目(TS12328);湖南省战略性新兴产业产学研结合创新平台创新能力建设项目资助(2012GK4101)

摘　　要：为了建立数字化核电厂操纵员监视行为可靠性量化模型,在分析电厂数字化主控室设计特征和操纵员监视行为的基础上,结合监视活动过程与规律,将监视行为可靠性划分为屏幕间转移可靠性、屏幕内信息搜索转移可靠性和信息察觉可靠性3部分。基于Senders的监视理论建立了屏幕间转移可靠性计算模型;基于注意力资源分配理论建立了屏幕内信息搜索转移可靠性计算模型;考虑行为形成因子(PSF)的因果关系,基于贝叶斯网络建立了信息察觉可靠性计算模型,并给出了'误安注'场景下监视可靠性计算应用实例。结果表明,建立的监视行为可靠性模型既能客观地描述操纵员监视过程,又能给出其可靠性量化结果,克服了传统方法的不足,提高了人因可靠性分析的精度,为数字化主控室操纵员监视行为可靠性分析与工程应用提供了理论与技术支持。In order to build a quantitative model to analyze operators ’ monitoring behav‐ior reliability of digital main control room of nuclear power plants ,based on the analysis of the design characteristics of digital main control room of a nuclear power plant and operator’s monitoring behavior ,and combining with operators’ monitoring behaviorprocess ,monitoring behavior reliability was divided into three parts including information transfer reliability among screens ,inside‐screen information sampling reliability and information detection reliability .Quantitative calculation model of information transfer reliability among screens was established based on Senders’ s monitoring theory ; the inside‐screen information sampling reliability model was established based on the allocation theory of attention resources ; and considering the performance shaping factor causality ,a fuzzy Bayesian method was presented to quantify information detection reliability and an example of application was given .The results show that the established model of monitoring behavior reliability gives an objective description for monitoring process ,which can quantify the monitoring reliability and overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods .Therefore ,it provides theoretical support for operator’s monitoring behavior reliability analysis in digital main control room of nuclear power plants and improves the precision of human reliability analysis .

关 键 词：数字化核电厂 操纵员 监视 人因可靠性分析 监视行为可靠性 

分 类 号：X946[环境科学与工程—安全科学]