儿童鼻鼽发病特点及中医体质特征调查  

Investigation of the constitutional characteristics in children with allergic rhinitis

作　　者：范愈燕[1] 娜琪[2] 王向东[3] 支楠[1] 阴伟[2] 张罗[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院传统医学科,北京100730 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院儿科,北京100730 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100730 [4]北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100005

出　　处：《北京中医药》2015年第5期356-358,共3页Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(81025007);北京市自然科学基金(11JL39);首都医科大学耳鼻喉重点实验室课题(11JL39)

摘　　要：目的观察儿童鼻鼽发病特点及中医体质特征。方法分别收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院南区儿科门诊≤15岁鼻鼽患儿86例及首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻喉科变态反应中心9-15岁鼻鼽患儿133例,分别以致敏原皮肤点刺实验及临床症状明确诊断,以标准化中医体质量表评价患儿发病特点及其中医体质特征。结果 86例患儿中,变应性鼻炎（AR）占52.3%,非变应性鼻炎（NAR）占5.8%,病因不明病例占41.9%。133例患儿中,101例AR患儿中医体质分别是特禀质32.7%、阴虚质15.8%和湿热质13.9%,分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;32例NAR患儿中医体质分别是特禀质21.9%、气虚质21.9%和阳虚质15.6%,分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论儿童患鼻鼽者AR居多,多伴有明显的家族病史、湿疹及哮喘病史;AR患儿中医体质以特禀质、阴虚质、湿热质为主;而NAR患儿以特禀质、气虚质和阳虚质表达为主。Objective To explore the characteristics of onset of allergic rhinitis （AR） and the features of constitution in children according to TCM. Methods 86 cases of children aged under 15 from Outpatient Department of Pediatrics, South Area, and 133 aged between 9 to 15 from the Allergic Reaction Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Tongren Hospital of Beijing, affiliated to the Capital Medical University were collected, based on the pricking test on the skin with allergen and the diagnosis of symptoms, the standardized constitution of Chinese medicine questionnaire （CCMQ） were used to evaluate the characteristics of onset of disease and the features of constitution in TCM. Results In 86 cases of children patients, the cases of allergic rhinitis （AR）, non-allergic rhinitis （NAR）, and that with unclear etiology were respectively 52. 3%, 5.8% and 41.9%. Among 133 cases, concerning the constitution in TCM in 101 cases of AR children patients the special diathesis type, yin-deficiency type and dampness-heat type amounted to 32. 7%, 15. 8%, and 13.9% respectively the distribution difference has statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and in 32 cases of non-allergic rhinitis, the special diathesis type, qi-deficiency type and yang-deficiency type 21.9%, 21.9%, 15.6% respectively; the distribution difference has statistical significance （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Children are susceptible to AR more accompanied with family history, history of eczema or asthma; the constitutions in AR children patients mainly manifest as special diathesis type, yin-deficiency type and dampness-heat type, while tht in NR childen as special diathesis type, qi-deficiency type and yang-deficiency type according to TCM.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 非变应性鼻炎 儿童 发病特点 中医体质 

分 类 号：R276.1[医药卫生—中医五官科学]