离心泵泵腔流道液体泄漏量试验与计算方法  

Experiment and Calculation Method of Fluid Leakage in Flow Passage of Pump Chamber on Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：刘在伦[1,2] 孙雨[1] 王东伟[1,2] 侯祎华[1] 马希金[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学温州泵阀工程研究院,温州325105

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第6期97-101,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51269010);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY12E09002)

摘　　要：设计了针对泵腔流道液体泄漏量测量的专用试验装置,采用改变叶轮轴向位置（即改变泵腔轴向间隙）来改变隙径比的方法,在间隙为0.2 mm、0.3 mm,长度为15 mm密封环条件下,对隙径比为0.127、0.101、0.076、0.051、0.025、0.006的泵腔流道的进出口液体压力和液体泄漏量进行了测试及分析,并提出了泵腔流道液体泄漏量计算公式及其速度系数的确定方法。结果表明：不同隙径比的泵腔流道液体泄漏量系数与压力系数的变化很有规律性,其关系曲线几乎是一些斜直线,但隙径比和密封环间隙对其有较大影响;在泵结构不变情况下,只减小泵腔轴向间隙就能有效地减少液体泄漏量,提高泵容积效率,泵腔轴向间隙最佳取值范围为1-5 mm。A special testing apparatus was designed for measure and calculation of fluid leakage in flow passage of pump chamber. Gap-diameter ratio was changed by changing axial position of the impeller,i. e.,changing the axial clearance of the pump chamber,when gap of wear-ring was 0. 2 mm and0. 3 mm,respectively,and length of wear-ring was 15 mm,the import and export liquid pressure and fluid leakage in flow passage of pump chamber（ gap-diameter ratio was 0. 127,0. 101,0. 076,0. 051,0. 025 and 0. 006,respectively） were tested and analyzed. The curves of leakage coefficient and pressure coefficient were obtained under different gap-diameter ratios conditions. In addition,the curves of velocity coefficient and gap-diameter ratio with different pressure coefficients were provided by calculating the experimental data. Results showed that under different gap-diameter ratios,fluid leakage coefficient and pressure coefficient in flow passage of pump chamber varied regularly,their relation curves were almost oblique lines,but gap-diameter ratio and gap of wear-ring can significantly affect curves. When the structure of pump was constant,decrease of axial clearance of pump chamber can effectively reduce fluid leakage,thus the volume efficiency of pump can be increased,and the optimum value range of axial clearance of pump chamber was 1 - 5 mm. Computational formula of fluid leakage in flow passage of pump chamber and determination method of velocity coefficient were presented. This study is of great significance to the volume efficiency of pump,wheel resistance loss,liquid pressure distribution in pump chamber and the calculation of axial thrust.

关 键 词：离心泵 泵腔流道 隙径比 泄漏量 速度系数 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]