台阶爆破质点振速的高程效应研究  

Study of Elevation Effect of Bench Blasting Particle Vibration Velocity

作　　者：万鹏鹏 璩世杰[1] 许文耀[1] 王靖[1] 易巧明 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《爆破》2015年第2期29-32,63,共5页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274020)

摘　　要：为了研究台阶爆破振动高程效应,采用NUBOX-6016对露天矿山爆破现场质点振动速度进行长时间监测。通过监测数据的对比分析发现,在正高差地形下,质点振速多表现为先衰减后放大的高程效应,而在负高差地形下,质点振速多表现为先放大后衰减的现象。研究结果表明:正高差边坡在爆破振动载荷作用下产生"鞭梢效应",使台阶突出部位岩体发生显著的高程放大效应;负高差边坡易使入、反射波叠加发生"坡面效应",导致振动速度局部放大。地震波的绕射对高程效应产生了重要影响,绕射叠加放大现象跟边坡形状及与爆区的相对位置有关。In order to study the mechanism of bench blasting vibration elevation effect, the NUBOX-6016 was used to monitor the particle vibration velocity on surface mine blasting field for a long time. By comparing and analy- zing the monitoring data, results show that on the positive relative elevation slope, the elevation effect of particle vi- bration velocity showed an attenuation behavior after the first amplification;while the first amplification appeared be- fore attenuation on the negative relative elevation slope. Results indicated that under the blasting vibration load, the whiplash effect occurred on the positive relative elevation slope, and made a significant elevation amplification effect on the salient bench parts. On the negative relative elevation slope, the superposition of incident wave and reflection wave produced slope effect, which caused vibration velocity amplification. Diffraction of seismic waves made a signifi- cant impact on the elevation effects, and the amplification phenomenon by the diffraction superstition was related to slope shape and the relative position of the blasting area.

关 键 词：爆破振动 边坡 高程效应 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]