非培养法检测医院室内和室外空气PM2.5和PM2.5～PM10中的微生物  

Determination of inhalable microorganisms in PM2.5 and PM2.5-PM10 in outdoor and indoor hospital environment by non-culture assay

作　　者：吴雯[1] 吴洪坤[2] 徐文胜[2] 张曦[1] 陈敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [2]上海长征医院,上海200003

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第11期1754-1757,1760,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目(20124366);上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(14ZR1435300)

摘　　要：目的非培养法检测医院室内和室外空气中可吸入微生物含量及医院感染常见致病菌。方法用双通道空气采样仪采集冬季、春季上海市某医院病房、门诊、急诊和院外广场空气PM2.5和PM2.5~PM10样品。实时荧光定量PCR法检测样品中微生物浓度及医院感染常见致病菌。结果院内各采样点间PM2.5细菌浓度差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但显著高于院外,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;各采样点PM2.5真菌浓度差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,广场PM2.5~PM10的真菌浓度分别是门诊和病房的3.2倍和8倍;医院室内、外环境中仅真菌浓度在PM2.5与PM2.5~PM10间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;院内PM2.5与PM2.5~PM10微生物中细菌占有率分别为99%和97%,院外真菌占有率分别为8.8%和29.8%。样品中未检测出医院感染常见致病菌。结论利用分子生物学技术建立了快速检测可吸入微生物含量的方法,明确了医院室内和室外空气PM2.5和PM2.5~PM10中的微生物分布状况,在医院感染监控中具有较好的应用价值。Objective To investigate the common pathogenic bacterias in hospital infection in PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10 from outdoor and indoor hospital air by non - culture assay. Methods PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10 samples were collected from at- mosphere of clinic waiting room（ CR）, emergency waiting room （ ER）, hospital rooms （HR） of a general hospital in Shanghai and square outside the hospital （SQ） with dichotomous sequential air sampler between winter and spring. The concentration of microorganisms in air samples, including common pathogenic bacterias in hospital infection, was measured by real -time PCR. Re- suits The differences of PM2.5 bacteria concentration had no statistical significance（ P 〉 0.05 ）, which is significantly higher than that of SQ, the differences had statistical significance （P 〈 0.05 ）. The differences of PM 2.5microfungi concentration in different sampling sites were statistically significant （P 〉 0.05 ） ; the concentration of PM2.5 - PM10 microfungi in SQ were 3.2 and 8 times that of CR and HR, respectively. Only the microfungi concentration was between PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10, the differences were statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. The percentages of bacteria in PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10 microorganisms in indoor hospital environment was 99% and 97% , respectively; the percentages of microfungi in PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10 microorganisms in SQ were 8.8% and 29.8%, respectively. None of common pathogenic bacterias in hospital infection was detec- ted in all the samples. Conclusion Using molecular biology techniques to establish a rapid detection method of microbial content in inhalation, we cleared the distribution of microorganisms in the hospital indoor and outdoor air PM2.5 and PM2.5 - PM10. There is good application value in the hospital infection monitoring.

关 键 词：空气微生物 实时荧光定量PCR PM2.5 PM2.5~PM10 医院感染 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]