患者不规则抗体筛查与输血安全  

Irregular antibodies screening among patients and blood transfusion safety

作　　者：杨慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]丽水市中心医院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第11期1826-1827,共2页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析患者不规则抗体筛查结果,探讨不规则抗体的分布及其筛查阳性标本的进一步分析方法,确保患者的输血安全。方法采用微柱凝胶法对14 920例患者进行不规则抗体筛查,对抗体筛查阳性的标本进一步鉴定其特异性。结果 14 920例患者筛查出不规则抗体阳性54例,阳性率为0.36%,检出自身抗体15例,同种特异性抗体39例。检出的39例同种抗体中Rh血型系统有33例,占84.62%;其他血型系统检出6例,占15.38%。同种抗体以血液病患者最常见,其次为肿瘤患者,分别占56.41%和23.09%。结论输血前常规筛查不规则抗体十分重要,特别是对血液病患者和肿瘤患者,可有效提高输血质量与安全,对保证患者的输血安全和提高输血疗效具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the screening results of irregular antibodies and to investigate the distribution of irregular anti- bodies and the further analyzing method of screening for the positive samples, and to ensure the safety of blood transfusion. Methods Micro - column gel test was used to screen serum irregular antibody in 14 920 patients and to identify the antibody specificity of the positive samples. Results 54 cases among 14 920 patients were positive. The positive rate was 0.36%. A- mong the 54 positive samples, 15 cases were identified as autoantibody and 39 cases were identified as specific alloantibody. A- mong 39 cases consisting of specific alloantibodies, 33 indentified antibodies had Rh blood group system, accounting for 84.62% ; Other blood blood system was detected in 6 cases, accounting for 15.38%. The most common was in patients with the hematologic disease, followed by the tumor patients, accounting for 56.41% and 23.09%, respectively. Conclusion Ir- regular antibodies screening before blood transfusion is very important and necessary, especially for the patients with hematologic disease and tumor. Irregular antibodies screening can effectively improve the quality and safety of blood transfusion. It is great significant to ensure the safety and improving the curative effect of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 抗体筛查 输血安全 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]