农户采用农业先进技术对收入的影响研究——基于倾向得分匹配法的实证分析  

Researching the Effects of Agricultural Advanced Technology Adoption on Farmers' Income——Based on Propensity Score Matching Method

作　　者：陈治国[1] 李红[1] 刘向晖[2] 辛冲冲 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院 [2]新疆农业大学

出　　处：《产经评论》2015年第3期140-150,共11页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"西部民族地区农机购置补贴政策的经济效应研究"(项目编号:71063021;主持人:李红)

摘　　要：引入能够消除选择偏差和混杂偏差的倾向得分匹配法,利用新疆地区微观调研数据,考察农业先进技术采用对西部干旱区农户收入的影响。结果显示,家庭和个体特征对农户采用农业先进技术的行为选择有决定性作用,在新疆地区,农户受教育水平越高、户主为女性的农户比重越小、经营土地面积和作物种植面积越多、农户拥有农业技能越高、获取信贷能力越强、离市场距离越近的农户,采用农业先进技术的可能性越高。在样本期内,农业先进技术的采用对农户增收有着稳健的正向促进作用,但由于农业先进技术效率边际递减,农业先进技术采用对农户增收的正向促进作用会随着农户采用农业先进技术时间的推移逐渐减弱。为加大农业技术推广力度和抑制技术效用衰减,应保障农业先进技术供给,加大技术补贴,增加农业金融信贷扶持力度,实现田地农产品与交易市场无缝对接,加强基层农业技术推广体系建设,激发农业技术创新主体的创造活力,培育和引进农业技术人才。The paper investigates the effects of agricultural advanced technology on rice farmers＇ income of West Arid Land by employing the propensity score matching that can eliminate selection bias and confoun- ding bias, based on the microscopic survey datas from Xinjiang. The empirical result shows that the family and individual characteristics play determinative effects on the behavior choice of farmers adopting agricultural ad- vanced technology. Farmers are more likely to adopt agricultural advanced technology when the farmers＇ educa- tion level is higher, the proportion of female -headed households is smaller, land management areas and crop planting areas are larger, farmers have higher agricultural skills, farmers have stronger abilities to obtain credit and are closer to the market. And in the sample period, agricultural advanced technology adoption has a robust positive effect on farmers＇ income, but because the agricultural advanced technology efficiency has the marginal decline, the robust positive effect will gradually weaken over time. Therefore, in order to strengthen the pro- motion of agricultural technology and eliminate the attenuation of technology＇s utility, the paper puts forward the policy implications that include ensuring agricultural advanced technology supply, increasing technology subsidy, increasing the supporting force of financial credit, realizing seamlessly docking agricultural products in field and trading market, strengthening the construction of grassroots agricultural technology extension sys- tem, driving the creativity of the main body of innovation agricultural technology, and cultivating and intro- ducting agricultural technology talents.

关 键 词：农业先进技术 农户收入 影响效应评估 西部干旱区 新疆 

分 类 号：F302.3[经济管理—产业经济]