夏玉米灌浆期倒伏对产量的影响模拟研究  

Simulation Study on the Influence of Filling Summer Corn Lodging on Yield

作　　者：席吉龙[1] 张建诚[1] 姚景珍[1] 郝佳丽[1] 杨娜[1] 席凯鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2015年第6期705-708,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD22B03);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD20B06)

摘　　要：为了评估风雨灾害造成玉米倒伏的产量损失,以郑单958为材料,采用田间人工模拟倒伏试验方法,在夏玉米灌浆期,以茎秆与地面的夹角设置不倒伏（CK）、轻度倒伏、中度倒伏、重度倒伏、严重倒伏5个处理,对叶绿素荧光参数（Fv/Fm）、产量、产量构成因素以及经济效益进行研究。结果表明,玉米倒伏后显著降低Fv/Fm,倒伏程度越重,Fv/Fm降低越大,灌浆后期轻度、中度、重度、严重倒伏处理Fv/Fm比对照分别降低13.9%,32.8%,57.0%,78.6%;由轻到重倒伏处理的生物产量比对照减少20.6%~42.8%,产量减少33.8%~62.2%;玉米单价以当地市场价2.1元/kg计算,严重倒伏处理的纯收益为-982.4元/hm2,其余倒伏处理的纯收益为正,比对照收益减少58.3%~85.4%。说明倒伏影响了玉米籽粒发育,造成产量下降。The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of simulated lodging on summer corn yield. Treatments included different lodging with angles of 90°, 60°, 45% 30° and 0° at summer corn filling stage. The results showed that corn lodging significantly decreased fluorescent parameters （Fv/Fm） by 13.9%-78.6%, biomass for 20.6%-42.8% and seed yield for 33.8%-62.2%, respectively, compared with control. Economic income decreased by 58.3%-85.4%. This research suggested lodging significantly affected corn seed development and resulted in yield reduction.

关 键 词：玉米 人工模拟 倒伏程度 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]