哈尔滨郊区PM_(2.5)污染来源及特征  

Pollution Source and Characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Harbin Suburbs

作　　者：刘彦飞[1] 于倩[1] 潘宇[1] 宋晓焱[1] 钟子楠[1] 乔艳云[1] 杨秀敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学环境与化工工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150022

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第6期70-73,87,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(1251149)

摘　　要：利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术和统计学方法研究了哈尔滨市郊区采集的2012-2013年23个PM2.5样品的污染来源及特征。17种与污染源及健康相关的元素含量分布分析表明,冬季和夏季的燃煤、汽车尾气排放对PM2.5的贡献率最显著,且四季中其它污染源也有稳定的贡献率。对PM2.5四季样品中的47种元素进行富集因子分析,结果表明,Zn、Cu、Mo、Cd、Pb、In、Sb、Tl、Bi等9种元素富集因子(EF)值大于10,元素来自于人为源,其他38种元素的EF值小于10,来自土壤或扬尘等自然源;聚类分析表明,人为源元素中In、Bi、Tl、Cd、Pb、Mo、Sb主要来自煤炭燃烧、Cu、Zn主要来源于汽车尾气。The pollution source and characteristics of 23 PM2.5 samples collected in Harbin suburbs from 2012 to 2013 were studied by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） technology and statistical method. The analysis of 17 kinds of element contents related with source of pollution and health showed that coal and automobile exhaust emissions in winter and summer contribute significantly for PM2.5, while the other sources of pollution have stable contribution rate in seasons. The analysis of enrichment factor showed that among 47 kinds of elements in PM2.5 samples, there are 9 elements＇ EF bigger than 10, including Zn, Cu, Mo, Cd, Pb, In, Sb, T1 and Bi, which come from man-made sources, Other 38 kinds of elements＇ EF were smaller than 10, which come from soil or dust and other natural sources. The analysis of clustering showed that among the anthropogenic elements, In, Bi, T1, Cd, Pb, Mo, Sb are mainly from burning coal, Cu and Zn mainly from vehicle exhaust.

关 键 词：PM2.5 微量元素 人为源 富集因子分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]