样品衰变时间对陶瓷放射性测定的影响及修正  

Impact of Sample Decay Time on Radioactivity Detection of Ceramic Materials and the Determination of Correction Coefficient

作　　者：李文杰[1] 鲁学军[1] 陈振飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]唐山出入境检验检疫局国家陶瓷检测重点实验室,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山市环境监测中心站,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第6期99-105,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：河北自然科学基金(B201309238)

摘　　要：简要概述了陶瓷材料放射性核素测定的基本原理和放射性衰变平衡时间的理论探析,从数学角度推导出陶瓷材料放射性衰变平衡修正因子F的计算公式,并利用碘化钠γ谱仪对2~18 d内不同衰变时长的三组样品进行比活度测定,从线性相关推理及实验方案论证等方面对公式的科学性和可行性进行验证。研究表明,以21 d为衡量基准,F=A21/Ai且放射性衰变平衡修正的最短时间应不少于4 d;并实测得出与2~18 d的陶瓷样品衰变时间相对应的F数值范围。This paper sketched the basic principles of ceramic materials radioactivity measurement and the theory of radioactive decay balance time, derived the calculation formula of ceramic material radioactive decay balance correction factor F from the angle of mathematics. Sodium iodide γ-ray spectrum was used to measure three sets of samples which radioactive decay balance time between 2 d to18 d, in order to verify the scientificity and feasibility of the computational formula from aspects of the linear correlation reasoning and experimental scheme comparison. Results showed that formula F= A21/Ai is correct and the shortest time of radioactive decay balance correction should be no less than 4d under the condition of the benchmark for 21 d. Then the numerical range of F corresponding to decay balance time between 2 d to 18 d by measuring samples was figured out.

关 键 词：陶瓷 放射性 测定 碘化钠γ谱仪 衰变时间 修正系数 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]