医院血液库存量及库存预警机制的制定与应用  

Formulation and implementation of hospital blood inventory and early warning mechanism

作　　者：孙巍[1,2] 王凤玲[1,3] 吴寒[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院 [2]北京市肿瘤防治研究所恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室输血科,北京100142 [3]北京市肿瘤防治研究所恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室医务处,北京100142

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第5期568-570,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的通过合理设定我院血液库存量,建立临床切实可行的库存预警机制,从而实现临床血源信息预警,规范调配血液,指导合理用血。方法对本院2011年6月-2013年6月临床每日各型用血量、月用血量、离散度、用血频次等数据进行描述性统计学分析,设定比较科学合理的血液库存量,并在此基础上分析2012年5月-2013年6月用血目的数据,建立3级库存预警机制并制定每级对应措施。结果通过统计学分析发现,每日用血情况具有不确定性,是偏态分布数据,按照百分位数来设定库存量更为科学。综合考虑各型每日用血量,每日不同用血量频次、最大及最小用血量、血液输注期效性等因素,制定出适合我院的基础库存量A∶36 U,B∶48 U,O∶42 U,AB∶12 U;分析不同用血目的,制定3级预警机制,各级预警线下限为:1级预警线:A∶12 U、B∶16 U、O∶18 U、AB∶6 U;2级预警线:A∶18 U、B∶22 U、O∶22 U、AB∶8 U,3级预警线:A∶26 U、B∶30 U、O∶32 U、AB∶10 U。结论医院输血科要科学制定符合本院实际的血液库存,以最大限度地合理有效使用血液;血液库存预警机制的实施,有效提高了临床在血源供应紧张时的应对能力,缓解了用血供需矛盾,降低了由此引发医患矛盾的可能性。Objective To establish a reasonable hospital blood inventory and a practicM, blood early warning mechanism in order to forewarn the shortage of blood, and to standardize the deployment of blood and to guide the clinical use. Methods From June 2011 to June 2013, the daily use of clinical blood transfusion were measured by descriptive statistics. The different blood types, monthly use, frequency, and discrete degree were analyzed in order to establish a scientific and reasonable blood inventory. On this basis, the daily application of diverse purposes from May 2012 to June 2013 was analyzed. A tertiary level early warning mechanism was formulated. Results Through statistical analysis, the daily use of blood was uncertain and showed a skewed distribution. It is more scientific to set the blood inventory with the use of percentile. Various factors were synthesized to establish our blood inventory which included A：36 U, B：48 U, 0：42 U and AB：12 U. Different purposes in blood use were analyzed. The tertiary level warning system was established. Level 1 warning limit was set as A： 12 U, B： 16 U, O： 18 U, AB： 8 U; level 2 warning limit was set as A： 18 U, B： 22 U, 0：22 U, AB： 8 U; level 3 warn- ing limit was set as A： 26 U, B： 30 U, O： 32 U, AB： 10 U. Conclusion Scientific management of blood inventory can maximize the effective use of blood. Establishing the early warning mechanism can improve the clinical ability to respond to shortage of blood and can reduce the possibility of controversy between supply-demand and doctor-patient.

关 键 词：医院 血液库存量 3级库存预警 应对措施 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]