巢址资源变化对猛禽群落结构的影响  

Effects of changing nest site resources on raptor community structure

作　　者：李玲玉[1] 王海涛[2] 李振奎[1] 姚纪元[3] 王利民[3] 姜云垒[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130118 [2]东北师范大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130024 [3]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期102-107,共6页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31270471;31272331)

摘　　要：在吉林省左家自然保护区,采用添加人工巢箱改变实验样地巢资源量的方法,进行了巢址资源对猛禽群落结构影响的研究.利用巢位统计法调查了猛禽的群落结构.研究期内共记录到繁殖猛禽37巢,隶属2目3科4属6种.繁殖猛禽种类、数量与巢资源总量存在极显著的正相关关系,猛禽对不同类型巢资源的选择存在种间差异.红隼和红脚隼主要利用喜鹊巢进行繁殖,占繁殖猛禽总数量的40.54%;红角鸮、领角鸮和长耳鸮主要利用树洞进行繁殖,占35.14%;灰脸狂鸟鹰只利用鹰类旧巢进行繁殖,占10.81%;红隼、红角鸮、长耳鸮还利用人工巢箱繁殖,占13.51%.悬挂人工巢箱可明显提高红隼种群的优势度.巢资源量的变化可影响繁殖猛禽的群落结构特征,随巢资源量的增加,猛禽群落多样性和物种丰富度均增加.The papers investigated that the variation of nest resources impacted on the raptor community structure through providing artificial nest boxes to change the amount of nest resources of experimental plots in Zuojia Nature Reserve of Jilin Province. The raptor community structure was surveyed by counting nest sites which were utilized by raptors. Recorded 37 breeding pairs during two years,which belonging to 2 orders,3 families,4 generas,6 species. The total number of nest resources had a extremely significant positive effect on breeding raptor species and quantities. The selection of raptors for different nest resources existed interspecific difference. Common Kestrel （Falco tinnunculus） and Amur Falcon （Falco amurensis） mainly used magpie nests to breed, accounting for 40.54% of the total number of breeding raptors. Oriental Scops Owl （Otus sunia）,Collared Scops Owl （Otus lettia） and Long-eared Owl （Asio otus） primarily utilized natural tree holes to propagate, accounting for 35.14%. Grey-faced Buzzard （Butastur indicus） only used old aerie nests to breed, accounting for 10. 81%. Common Kestrel, Oriental Scops Owl and Long-eared Owl also utilized artificial nest boxes to propagate, accounting for 13. 51%. The suspension of artificial nest boxes significantly improved the dominance of Common Kestrel populations. The quantity of nest resources changed,which affected the propagation characteristics of raptor community structure. Both raptor community diversity and species richness were enhanced with the amount of nest resources increasing.

关 键 词：巢址资源 猛禽 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]