凡纳滨对虾设施养殖池塘浮游生物群落结构及多样性研究  

Community structure and biodiversity of plankton in Litopenaeus vannamei culture pond

作　　者：何京[1,2] 陈晨[1] 王一农[1] 钟硕楠[1] 刘静[1] 林志华[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]浙江万里学院生物与环境学院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2015年第3期58-62,67,共6页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家科技部计划(2012AA092001);中央财政支持地方高校专项(2011532);宁波市科技局农业创新创业项目(2012C91028)

摘　　要：研究了后期凡纳滨对虾设施养殖29个池塘中浮游生物的种类组成、数量差异及种类多样性。结果表明:共鉴定出浮游植物5门25属40种,浮游动物3门14属17种,未鉴定种类8种。其中硅藻门27种,绿藻门7种,蓝藻门4种,黄藻门1种,甲藻门1种;原生动物门8种,轮虫类6种,枝角类3种。29个池塘浮游植物丰度6.3×102~4.4×104cell/m L,生物量12.6~882.0 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数0~3.17,Margalef丰富度指数范围0.56~0.95,Pielou均匀度0.19~0.90;浮游动物丰度12.6 mg/L^882.0 mg/m L,生物量1.2×102~2.7×102mg/L。凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘中,浮游生物种类相对自然海区少、密度大。在相同管理模式下,池塘中浮游生物种类和数量有较大差异,多样性指数也有较大差异。The species, quantity changes and biodiversity on the culture pond of Litopenaeus vannamei were studied . The results showed that the total number of species of phytoplankton were 40, out of which the Bacillariophyta takes up 27 species;the Chlo-rophyta had 7 species;and the Cyanophyta had 4 species;the Xanthophyta had one specie and Pyrrophyta had one specie. The total number of species of zooplankton were 17, out of which the Protozoa had 8 species;the Rotifers had 6 species;the Cladocerans had 3 species. The population density of phytoplankton was 4.4×10^4-6.3×10^2 mg/mL, the biomass was 12.6-882.0 mg/L, the Shannon-Wie-ner index was 0-3.17, the Margalef richness index was 0.56-0.95, the Pielou evenness index was 0.19-0.90. The population density of zooplankton was 12.6mg/L^-1-882.0 mg/mL, method the biomass was 1.2×10^2-2.7×10^2 mg/L.The species number and the density were little than those in the sea. In the same cultivation, there are big different in the species and density of plankton.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 养殖塘 浮游植物 浮游动物 多样性 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学] S968.22