西北干旱区中小城镇居住区绿地特征分析——以宁夏平罗县城为例  

Greening Features of Urban Residential Land in Medium/Small Town in Arid Northwest China: Taking Pingluo County(Town) as A Case Study

作　　者：赵金梅 张绍良[2] 周晓宇 贾蓉[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏土地勘测规划院,银川750001 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2015年第3期20-24,共5页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"矿区土地生态恢复力研究"(51474214)

摘　　要：中小城镇是我国新型城镇化的重点,其用地类型以居住用地为主,因此了解居住用地的绿化特征对新型城镇具有十分重要的意义。以宁夏平罗县城为研究对象,利用最新的城镇地籍数据库,结合Pleiades遥感影像数据,分析了平罗县城镇2020宗居住用地的绿地率、绿化覆盖率分布特征。结果表明:1)城镇居住用地的绿化差异十分显著,绿地率的离散度达到176.1%,绿化覆盖率的离散度达到195.4%;绿化水平总体相当低,62.7%的居住宗地没有绿地,751宗地中绿地率大于35%的仅有40宗,绿化覆盖率大于30%的仅有7宗。2)新建居住小区比老城居住区绿化水平高。3)宗地绿化潜力大,绿地利用潜力大。4)绿地分布没有空间相关性。5)宗地面积对绿化有直接影响。在此基础上,提出绿化挖潜策略,包括1)从城市规划上,要避免过小居住用地,即使是一家一户的独庭独院也要保证足够的绿地率;要加大生态居住小区建设,不但可提高集约利用水平,而且可保证足够的绿化空间。2)从居住区的设计上,应采用以集约促生态,以生态促集约的有效协同利用模式。通过集约利用节省空间发展绿化,通过绿化提升土地价值促进集约。3)从管理体制上,对现有绿地加大监管力度,提高维护保养的专业水平。需要建立一种机制,将居住用地的附属绿地纳入公共绿地统一管理;需要将房地产开发倡导的低碳、生态社区纳入到政府监管范畴,变概念炒作为科学实际行动。New Chinese urbanization is a process combining intensive land use and friendly ecological environment. In the process of urbanization of small cities and towns, greening of residential land could take a dominant position in ecological development due to its huge proportion, but few research has focused on residential greening characteristics in urban ecological development. Based on the updating cadastral database and Pleiades image data, this paper studied the distribution~ f^att^t~s^oP gr^enspade cover m^d canopy cover i~ residential parcel, taking Pingluo county town in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as a case study. The results showed that： 1 ）the greening difference among residential parcels was significant. The dispersion of greenspace cover was up to 176.1% and the dispersion of canopy cover was 195.4%; 62.7% of residential parcels had no green space, and only 40 parcels in total of 751 green plots had a better greenspace cover with 35% or more but only 7 parcels of canopy cover were higher than 30%. 2） the greening in new residential districts was higher than that of old ones. 3）the residential land had great potential for greening and greenspace had great potential for utilization. 4）the green spaces in the town had no correlation with open space. 5）parcel size was correlated with greening level. Based on the above features, the paper presented the following greening development strategies： 1 ）in urban land planning, it was essential to avoid planning small plots, and maintain sufficient green space even in a private yard, as well as develop ecological residential districts for improving intensive use level and making more space for greening. 2）in residential district design, the model of intensive and ecological use of residential land was better to obtain more green space. 3）in green space management, it was essential to strengthen urban green administration and management in residential land and train the householders＇ greening skill, and it was necessary to establish a mechanism

关 键 词：生态建设 居住用地 绿化 附属绿地 平罗县 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]