基于光纤的光学频率传递研究  

Study of optical frequency transfer via fiber

作　　者：刘杰[1,2,3] 高静[1,3] 许冠军[1,3] 焦东东[1,2,3] 闫露露[1,3] 董瑞芳[1,3] 姜海峰[1,3] 刘涛[1,3] 张首刚[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100039 [3]中国科学院时间频率基准重点实验室,西安710600

出　　处：《物理学报》2015年第12期106-114,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委重大科研仪器设备研制专项(批准号:61127901);国家自然科学基金(批准号:11273024;61025023);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:11403031);中国科学院科技创新"交叉与合作团队"项目(中科院人教字(2012)119号);中国科学院重点部署项目(批准号:KJZD-EW-W02)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：随着光钟研究的发展,光钟的稳定度和不确定度均达到10-18量级.通过光纤可以实现光钟频率信号的高精度传输,有望用于未来"秒"定义的复现.演示了百公里级实验室光纤上的光学频率传递.对于在实验室70 km光纤盘上实现的光频传递,光纤相位噪声抑制在1—250 Hz傅里叶频率范围内均接近于光纤延时极限,对应传输稳定度(Allan偏差)为秒级稳定度1.2×10-15,10000 s稳定度为1.4×10-18.实验室100 km光纤的光频传递秒级稳定度也达到了5×10-15.提出了光纤噪声用户端补偿的方案,可以简化星形传递网络中心站的复杂度.在25 km光纤上演示了该传递方案,实现的传输稳定度接近传统前置补偿传递方案.Optical clocks are considered as promising candidates for redefining the second in the International System of Units Compared with microwave clocks, optical clocks are powerful tools for the fundamental research such as the constancy of the fundamental constants, the validity of Einstein＇s theory of general relativity, and the predictions of quantum electrodynamics. Recently two research groups have demonstrated the optical clocks with an unprecedented precision level of 10^-18, which is two orders better than the present primary frequency standard. Using two Sr optical clocks and three Cs fountain clocks, SYRTE group has demonstrated the definition of second with optical clocks. For redefining the second with optical clocks in the future, the optical clocks from the remote laboratories should have a high precision and the frequency of the optical clocks need to be transferred over a long distance, with extremely high precision. Unfortunately the conventional means of frequency transfer such as two-way satellite time and frequency transfer can reach a 10^-16 level in one day which is far below the requirement for an optical clocks. Various methods have been developed to transfer optical frequency signal via optical fibers. Especially a research group from Germany has achieved a frequency transfer stability of 10^-19 level in hundreds of seconds with a fiber length of 1840 km. We demonstrate the recent development of optical frequency transfer over a 70-km fiber spool at National Time Service Center. The measurement shows that the compensation for the fiber noise is close to the limitation induced by the fiber delay for the Fourier frequency from 1 Hz to 250 Hz. The transfer stability （Allan deviation） of the fiber link is 1.2×10^-15 in 1 s averaging time, and 1.4×10^-18 in 10000 s. A preliminary test of the optical frequency transfer over a 100-km spooled fiber is achieved with a stability of roughly one order worse than the 71 km result, 5×10^-15 in 1 s. We demonstrate a new scheme of remote compensa

关 键 词：时间频率 光纤网络 光学频率传递 光纤噪声用户端补偿 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]