南洋楹造林密度与施肥均匀设计试验  

Stand Density of Paraserianthes falcataria and the Fertilization Test with a Uniform Design

作　　者：晏姝[1] 胡德活[1] 韦如萍[1] 王润辉[1] 郑会全[1] 曾建雄 雷松林 

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院,广州510520 [2]博罗县林业科学研究所,惠州516100

出　　处：《林业科学》2015年第5期153-158,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新专项资金项目"南洋楹良种选育和高效栽培技术研究与示范"(2009KJCX005-1;2011KJCX012-01);林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目"南洋楹种子园营建与快繁技术研究"(200704024)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨栽植密度和施肥对南洋楹早期生长的影响,在揭示主要栽培因素与单株材积、蓄积量相关关系和回归模型的基础上,建立密度与施肥组合栽培模式,使良种、立地、施肥等技术要素合理配合,为经营南洋楹速生丰产林提供理论依据。【方法】采用均匀设计和随机完全区组设计试验法,对栽植密度和施肥量等4因素6水平按照均匀设计表U6(64)建立南洋楹高效栽培试验方案;通过Stepwise分析选择最优回归模型,确定主要栽培因素;采用Uniform Design Version 3.00拟合林分产量与施肥量回归模型;通过二次响应面回归Rsreg获得优化施肥量。【结果】不同试验处理的平均树高、平均胸径、单株材积和每蓄积量差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);影响南洋楹生长最主要的因素是栽植密度,从单株材积和每蓄积量平衡点考虑,最优栽植密度为3 m×3 m;单株材积与施肥量的二次回归模型:Y3=6.54E-2+5.29E-8X22+3.47E-5X3-4.27E-5X4,复相关系数R=0.948 0,回归方程显著;优化拟合施肥量为:过磷酸钙(作基肥)274 g+尿素(作当年追肥)48 g+复合肥(作次年追肥)250 g,将此优化施肥量代入回归方程求得理论单株材积为0.060 4 m3,比试验设计中单株材积最低值0.044 3 m3提高36.3%;通过最优栽植密度和优化施肥栽培模式,蓄积量可达47.290 5 m3·hm-2,比试验设计中最低值19.404 0 m3·hm-2提高143.7%。【结论】南洋楹的速生特性在早期得到显著表达,对不同栽植密度和施肥响应积极,辅以集约栽培技术措施可以较好发掘南洋楹良种和土地的生产潜力。本研究采用均匀设计试验法建立了南洋楹最佳栽植密度与施肥组合模式,从尽可能少的试验次数中揭示出因素对指标的影响大小和规律,并且进行优化拟合设计,缩短了研究周期和提高了试验的准确性。[Objective]This study is to investigate the effect of planting density and fertilization on the early growth of Paraserianthes falcataria. A density-fertilization cultivation mode was established based on revealing the correlation and regression model between main cultivation factors and individual volume,volume per hm^2 ,to reasonably coordinate the technical elements of the varieties,the,site,and the fertilization and provide a theoretical basis for fast-growing and high-yield plantation of P. falcataria.[Method]A uniform design combined with randomized complete block design was applied to study on high efficiency cultivation of P. falcataria. With the uniform design U6 （64）,both the planting densities and fertilizing levels were analyzed in the trials. The Stepwise analysis was used to select the optimum regression model and determine the main cultivation factors. The Uniform Design Version 3. 00 was used to fit stand yield and fertilizer amount regression model. The Rsreg was used to obtain the optimum amount of fertilizer. [Result]There were highly significant differences in average height,average diameter at breast height,individual volume and volume per hm^2 in different trials. Planting density was the most important factor for the growth of P. falcataria,and the optimum planting density was 3 m × 3 m by considering gain both better individual volume and better volume per hm^2 . The quadratic regression model between individual volume and fertilizing amount was obtained： Y3 = 6. 54E-2 ＋5. 29E-8X2 2 ＋3. 47E-5X3 -4. 27E-5X4 ,the multiple correlation coefficient was 0. 948 0,with significant correlation. The result showed that the optimal choice was Ca（H2PO4）2·H2O 274 g ＋ CO（NH2）2 48 g ＋ compound fertilizer 250 g,and the fertilization through the regression equation could acquire theoretical individual volume and volume per hm^2 of 0. 0604 m^3 and 47. 290 5 m^3 ,respectively,which was 36. 3% and 143. 7% higher than the lowest one in the trail. [Conclusion] The fast-growing character e

关 键 词：南洋楹 造林密度 施肥 单株材积 蓄积量 均匀设计 

分 类 号：S725[农业科学—林木遗传育种]