沥青质临氢热裂化转化规律初步研究  

Preliminary Investigation on Behaviors of Thermal Conversion of Asphaltene in the Presence of Hydrogen and Catalyst

作　　者：董明[1] 龙军[1] 王子军[1] 侯焕娣[1] 王威[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2015年第3期643-649,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2012CB224801)资助

摘　　要：运用APPI+结合FT-ICR MS、XPS等方法分析塔河沥青质结构。以塔河减压渣油为原料研究沥青质的临氢热裂化转化规律。结果表明,沥青质临氢热裂化过程中的裂化反应以热裂化为主,催化剂可以抑制沥青质的缩合反应,并对沥青质中芳环结构加氢以促进其转化。在合适的条件下,塔河减压渣油沥青质转化率可以达到85.8%,裂化率达到78.2%。次生沥青质的转化是沥青质转化的关键,次生沥青质中最难转化的是稠环芳烃结构和氮稠环结构,其转化难度按从难到易的顺序为HC(芳烃结构)、N1(含1个氮原子的芳香性氮化物结构)、N2(含2个氮原子的芳香性氮化物结构)。含硫结构以及含有2种或多于2种杂原子的沥青质结构的转化率较高。加氢反应是沥青质轻质化的关键。The asphaltene structure of Tahe VR was studied by using APPI＋ FT-ICR MS, XPS et al. The behaviors of thermal conversion of Tahe VR asphaltene in the presence of hydrogen and catalyst were investigated. The results showed that the thermal conversion process was dominated by thermal cracking, and the catalyst inhibited the condensation of asphaltene and hydrogenate aromatic rings to promote the conversion of asphaltene. In the appropriate conditions, the asphaltene conversion rate of Tahe VR reached 85.8%, and cracking rate 78.2%. The conversion of secondary asphaltene was the key for the conversion of asphaltene. It is difficult for the condensed aromatics and N-heterocycle aromatics in the secondary asphaltene of Tahe VR to convert, and conversion difficulties of HC （aromatic）, N1 （N-heterocycle containing one N atom）, N2 （N-heterocycle containing two N atoms） decreased in turn. The components of asphaltene with sulfur and two or more than two different heteroatoms were easier to convert. The hydrogenation reaction is the key for asphaltene upgrading.

关 键 词：临氢热裂化 次生沥青质 稠环芳烃 杂环芳烃 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]