云南省部分边境地区跨境重点人群感染艾滋病病毒脆弱性评估  

HIV vulnerability assessment of cross-border key populations along some border areas in Yunnan province

作　　者：李乙萍[1] 杨芳[1] 李建华[1] 李洲林[2] 施怀海[1] 郑婕[1] 李昕悦[1] 冯煜[1] 李达[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省药物依赖防治研究所,云南昆明650228 [2]瑞丽市疾病预防控制中心,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2015年第6期387-390,共4页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家卫生与计划生育委员会中越老缅边境地区艾滋病联防联控项目(1311104609)

摘　　要：[目的]对云南省与缅甸、越南、老挝交界的部分边境地区的跨境重点人群感染艾滋病病毒的脆弱性进行现状评估,为构建跨境双边合作的一体化综合服务体系提供决策依据。[方法]综合采用现有资料回顾、焦点问题小组讨论、个别深入访谈、现场非参与性观察的方法进行。[结果]云南省边境地区跨境重点人群感染艾滋病病毒报告数呈逐年上升趋势,具有流动性大和隐蔽性强的特征,人群规模估计困难;存在共用针具注射吸毒、多性伴、新型毒品滥用等多种感染艾滋病和家庭内传播的风险性因素;受政策限制、尚未建立有效的双边合作工作机制以及缺乏长期稳定的资源投入等因素的影响,普遍存在服务资源匮乏、利用不足、效果不明显的问题,从而加剧了艾滋病传播的风险。[结论]跨境重点人群对云南省艾滋病疫情的影响不断凸显,且具有感染艾滋病的多重危险因素,是感染、跨境和家庭内传播艾滋病病毒的脆弱人群和重点人群,这类人群的艾滋病防控工作需要动员跨境双边政府和非政府机构的资源,逐步形成跨境重点人群监测—预防—干预—随访管理与关怀的一体化服务体系。Objective This paper evaluate HIV vulnerability current situation of cross-border key populations along Burma, Vietnan and Laos, so as to provide decision basis for establishment of cross-border cooperation comprehensive integrated service system. Methods Reviewed available data, group discussions on focus issues, individual in-depth interviews and non-participatory site observations are combined. Results The reported HIV-affected people among the said groups increased year by year in Yunnan province, characterized by high mobility and strong concealment. It was also very hard to evaluate the scale of the groups. There were various risk factors leading to HIV infection and HIV spreading in families, such as sharing injection needles, multiple sex partners and new drug abuse. For the reasons of policy restrictions, absence of long-term and stable resource investment and no effective bilateral working mechanisms, service resources were commonly insufficient and under utilized and did not produce obvious effects, which exacerbated the spreading risk of HIV. Conclusions Such groups have increasingly obvious impacts on the AIDS epidemic in Yunnan and suffer from multiple risk factors of HIV infection, and thus become the key vulnerable groups of HIV infection, cross-border HIV spreading and HIV spreading in families. For HIV prevention and control of these groups, resources of concerned governments and non-government agencies must be utilized to gradually establish a service system integrating monitoring, prevention, intervention, follow-up management and care for the groups.

关 键 词：跨境重点人群 HIV/AIDS 脆弱性 评估 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]