鄂西地区良种核桃选育Ⅴ——小叶抗病性及坚果品质海拔区域对比试验  

Selection and breeding of improved walnut species in Western Hubei Ⅴ—— Contrast experiment of leafl et disease resistance and nut quality at different altitude regions

作　　者：高本旺 王军 刘益平 吴贤军 金荣军 占全胜 

机构地区：[1]宜昌市林业科学研究所,湖北宜昌443111 [2]秭归县林业局,湖北宜昌443600 [3]宜昌国有大老岭林场,湖北宜昌443000 [4]宜昌市樟村坪林场,湖北宜昌443145 [5]当阳市林业局,湖北宜昌444100

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第2期50-56,共7页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宜昌市科技攻关计划项目"鄂西地区良种核桃选育研究"(A2007204);国家林业局攻关项目"中国早实核桃品种区域化及标准化栽培技术应用开发与示范--湖北子课题"(2008-04-02)

摘　　要：为了选择出适宜鄂西山区栽培的早实核桃品种（系），根据引种对比试验初选结果，以海拔和品种（系）为因素建立区域试验点，调查、分析小叶病情指数、4年生树坚果指标。结果表明：海拔对引进核桃品种（系）的抗病性无明显规律性影响，品种（系）间抗病性差异与品种（系）亲本种源相关，核桃品种年份间抗病性并未因不同年份的不同气候条件而引起显著差异；4年生树，随着海拔升高各品种的单果质量、出仁率、三径值、壳厚降低，适生区域范围差异显著。在鄂西地区‘清香’、‘鲁光’、‘元丰’、‘香玲’适宜在海拔600m以上区域栽培、‘辽宁1号’适宜在海拔600～1100m之间区域栽培，‘云新7914’、‘云新7926’适宜海拔1100m以下的区域栽培，适生区域栽培坚果综合品质指标达到国家标准1级或2级标准，比原产地下降1个等级。In order to select out suitable precocious walnut cultivars at mountain areas of Western Hubei, based on the results of preliminary introducing and contrast experiment, some experiment sites were established taking altitude and cultivar as factors, leaflet disease indexes and nut indexes of four-year-old trees were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the effects of elevation on disease resistance of introduced walnut species had no obvious regularity, while it was related between disease resistance and parent provenance. Different climate conditions had no significant effects on disease resistance of the walnut cultivars. Single nut mass, kernel percentage, three diameter values and shell thickness of four-year-old trees were decreased with altitude increasing, and there was significant differences in suitable regions for different cultivars. In Western Hubei, the regions above altitude 600 m were suitable for planting ＇Qingxiang＇, ＇Luguang＇, ＇Yuanfeng＇ and ＇Xiangning＇, the regions between altitude 600-1 100 m were suitable for planting ＇Liaoning No.1 ＇, and the regions below altitude 1 100 m were suitable for planting ＇Yunxin 7914＇ and ＇Yunxin 7926＇. Nut quality planted at suitable regions could reach the national one or two standard, but was lower one level than that at original regions.

关 键 词：核桃 选育 区域试验 抗病性 坚果品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]