3种植物外源激素对观赏桃花花期及品质的影响  

Effects of three plant exogenous hormones on florescence and flower quality in ornamental peach

作　　者：袁霞[1] 刘卫东[1] 冯斌义[1] 刘瑞峰[1] 马英[1] 谢玲[1] 李冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第2期135-141,共7页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省自然科学省市联合基金(12JJ8006)

摘　　要：为了研究植物外源激素对观赏桃花的花期及花径的影响情况，以‘照手桃’为材料，分别在其花前期、花中期、花后期喷施不同质量浓度的赤霉素（GA）、6．苄基腺嘌呤（6．BA，常见的人工合成的细胞分裂素）、水杨酸（SA）3种植物外源激素进行试验。结果表明：在花前期、花中期及花后期喷施GA，均可使‘照手桃’的花径增大，从而提高桃花的观赏品质。花前期，喷施浓度为120mg／L的GA可使其花径达到最大值（49．80mm）；花中期，喷施浓度为150mg／L的GA可使其花径达到最大值（52．94mm）；花后期，喷施浓度为90mg／L的GA可使其花径达到最大值（50．61mm）。而喷施不同浓度的6-BA和SA对其花径均表现出抑制作用。在花期调控方面，花前期及花中期喷施GA、6-BA及SA均不能使其进入始花期的时间提前；而在花后期，SA处理可使其开花持续的天数较对照组延长1～2d。在应用实践中，可于观赏桃的花芽萌动期与始花期之间喷施90～150mg／L的GA，且在始花期时喷施30～45mg／L的SA，这样可以提高桃花的观赏性并且延长其观赏时间。In order to study impact of exogenous hormones on florescence and flower diameter in ornamental peach, taking Prunuspersica ＇Terutemomo＇ as materials, different mass concentrations ofGA, 6-BA and SA were sprayed before florescence, at middle and later florescence. The results showed that spraying GA could increase flower diameters and enhance ornamental quality before florescence, at middle and later florescence. The maximum flower diameter was 49.80 mm by spraying 120 mg/L GA before florescence, it was 52.94 mm by spraying 150 mg/L GA at middle florescence, and it was 50.61 mm by spraying 90 mg/L GA at later florescence. But spraying 6-BA and SA could inhibit flower diameter. At the aspect of florescence regulation, spraying GA, 6-BA and SA before florescence and at middle florescence could not advance begin of florescence. But spraying SA at later florescence could prolong florescence for 1-2 days compared with the CK. In practical application, spraying GA of 90-150 mg/L between flower bud sprouting and early flowering and spraying SA of 30-45 mg/L at early flowering not only improve ornament of peach flowers but also prolong ornament time.

关 键 词：观赏桃 花期 花 赤霉素 6-苄基腺嘌呤 水杨酸 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]