包覆CNT和膨胀阻燃剂在聚丙烯基体中的协效阻燃性  

Flame-retarded Synergy between Coated CNT and an Intumescent Flame Retardant in Polypropylene Matrix

作　　者：周磊[1] 李东泽[2] 于燕燕[1] 张丛卉 

机构地区：[1]天津出入境检验检疫局,天津300308 [2]天津科技大学,天津300457

出　　处：《塑料工业》2015年第6期101-105,110,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(2014IK280);天津检验检疫局科技计划项目(TK039-2013);天津市自然科学基金面上项目(14JCYBJC16800)

摘　　要：制备包覆改性的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),加入聚磷酸铵(APP)和三聚氰胺脲酸盐(MCA)复配制得聚丙烯基复合材料。通过熔融共混法制备不同组分的复合材料。通过红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性前后的碳纳米管进行表征。采用万能拉力机、极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL 94)、微型量热仪(MCC)、热重分析仪(TGA)等分析了复合材料的阻燃性能与阻燃协效性。结果表明,包覆处理碳纳米管可以提高分散性,有利于提高材料的力学性能。添加质量分数为30%的膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)和0.1%的MWCNTs时,复合材料垂直燃烧可达到UL94 V-0级别,氧指数达27%,热释放速率峰值下降25.4%,残炭量达18.5%。同时加入碳纳米管和膨胀阻燃剂比单独添加膨胀阻燃剂效果好,这是由于加入碳纳米管成炭进一步提高。说明碳纳米管和膨胀阻燃剂之间存在协效性。The coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） were prepared and then mixed with ammonium polyphosphate （APP） and melamine eyanurate （MCA） to prepare polypropylene-based composite materials. The composite materials with various components were prepared by melt blending. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were utilized to characterize the morphology of the MWCNTs before and after modification. The flame retarding properties and flame-retarded synergy were evaluated by universal tensile testing machine, limited oxygen index （LOI）, vertical burning （ UL-94 ）, micro combustion calorimeter （ MCC ）, thermal gravimetric analysis （ TGA ）. The results demonstrated that the coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes improved the dispersion and mechanical properties of composite materials. When adding 30% intumescent flame retardant （ IFR ） and 0. 1% MWCNTs, the vertical burning rating of the composite materials reached UL94 V-O, its oxygen index was 27%, the peak heat release rate （PHRR） reduced by 24%, and char residue was 13.6%. The composite materials containing both IFR and MWCNTs presents had better flame retardancy than its counterpart containing single IFR. It was because that the charring ability of the composite was enhanced furtherly for introduction of MWCNTs. There was a synergy between carbon nanotubes and intumescent flame retardant.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 碳纳米管 膨胀阻燃剂 协效性 氧指数 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TQ127.11