酚醛泡沫的物理回收及其在聚氨酯硬质泡沫中阻燃研究  

Physical Recovery and Flame Retardant Research in Rigid Polyurethane Foam of Phenolic Foam

作　　者：黄长江[1] 何立凡[1] 邱藤[2] 李效玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室北京化工大学,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《塑料工业》2015年第6期106-110,共5页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：用废酚醛泡沫的粉末颗粒为炭源,聚磷酸铵(APP)为酸源和气源,组成新型化学膨胀阻燃复配体系,添加到硬质聚氨酯泡沫组合料中,经发泡制备了一种具有高阻燃性能的泡沫材料。为了对比说明添加效果,部分回收酚醛泡沫粒子(PF)在高温下炭化处理。考察了阻燃填料粒子的加入量对泡沫的压缩强度、压缩模量、氧指数、导热系数、燃烧表观状态等的影响。实验结果表明,酚醛粒子表面官能团能参与聚氨酯发泡反应,从而提高了粒子界面的结合力,增加了泡沫的压缩强度;PF与APP经复配后加入到聚氨酯发泡体系,通过燃烧时形成的膨胀炭层可以起到良好的阻燃效果,并且显著增加泡沫的氧指数。Using waste phenolic foam powder particles as carbon source and ammonium polyphosphate （APP） as acid and gas source to form a new chemical expansion flame retardant composite system, which was added into the premix of rigid polyurethane foam, a new foam material with high flame retardancy was prepared by way of foaming process. In order to illustrate the effects, parts of the waste phenolic foam powders were carbonized at high temperatures. The effect of content of flame retardant particles on compressive strength, modulus of compressibility, oxygen index, thermal conductivity and burning surface appearance were studied. The results showed that the functional groups on the surface of PF particles participated in the polyurethane foaming reaction, thus improving the binding force of the particles＇ interface and the compressive strength of the foam. After PF particles composite with APP were added into the polyurethane foaming system, the formed intumescent char layer through burning played a good flame retardant effect and the oxygen index of the foam was significantly increased.

关 键 词：酚醛泡沫粒子 碳源 压缩强度 阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]