不同条件下生物素中间体粉尘爆炸特性  

Explosion characteristics of biotin key intermediates dust from different synthetic process

作　　者：王婷[1] 刘超 杨剑[1] 王信群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院质量与安全工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]西安诚乐科工贸有限责任公司,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2015年第6期710-713,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2013DFG71760);国家自然科学基金项目(51174182)

摘　　要：以某化工厂两种不同合成工艺条件下的生物素关键中间体BT1和BT2粉尘为研究对象,采用扫描电镜及激光粒度仪对其表面形态及粒径分布进行表征,并利用热综合分析仪开展热解特性分析。在Hartmann爆炸实验装置中就其粉尘爆炸特性进行实验研究。结果表明,两种粉尘的最大爆炸压力pmax及最大压力上升速率(dp/dt)max随粉尘浓度的增加均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且都在质量浓度为700g/m3附近达到最大值,但BT1的最大爆炸压力是BT2的2倍,而最大爆炸压力上升速率则为后者的6.3倍。尽管两种粉尘的爆炸下限浓度接近,但在该浓度区域内,BT1粉尘随浓度的增加,其最大爆炸压力增长速度明显快于BT2粉尘,爆炸敏感度更高。条件许可时应优先采用T2合成工艺进行生产。针对上述生产工艺流程,防止粉尘爆炸最为经济有效的技术措施是防止粉尘外逸、定期清扫积尘。Two key biotin intermediate powders （BT1 and BT2） were sampled from different synthetic process in a chemical plant. The particle size distribution, morphology and thermogravimetric characteristics were investigated by Laser Particle Size Analyzer, Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） and Thermal Analyzer respectively. The 1.2 L Hartmann bomb was applied to car;y out series of dust explosion experiments. Results showed that both the maximum explosion pressure and maximum rates of pressure rise was increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing of dust concentration for two kind of powders, and the optimum dust concentration for explosion was in the range of 700 g/m^3, whereas the maximum explosion pressure of BT1 was 2 times that of BT2, and the maximum rate of pressure rise was 6.3 times that of BT2. Thus T2 synthetic process should be the priority for production if other conditions were permitted. The most economic and effective technical measures to prevent dust explosion in the plant was to prevent dust to escape, and regular cleaning of the dust was essential.

关 键 词：生物素中间体 粒径分布 爆炸特性 防爆措施 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X913.4