植物纤维增强的生物质复合材料微观机理及力学性能研究  

The micro-mechanism and mechanical properties of the biomass composites reinforced with plant fiber

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 李方义[1] 李剑峰[1] 郭安福[1] 张传伟[1] 王成钊[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061

出　　处：《功能材料》2015年第11期11017-11020,11026,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275278);国家博士后基金资助项目(2013M531591);山东大学交叉学科培育资助项目(2012JC004)

摘　　要：为了解决生物质复合材料中淀粉基质与植物纤维分子间的表面结合问题,探究淀粉/纤维预处理对二者分子间氢键形成的影响,提高生物质复合材料的力学性能,在多年研究的基础上,优化成分配伍,分别制备了剑麻纤维、纸浆纤维、稻草纤维和木质纤维增强的生物质复合材料。通过红外光谱实验,研究了热塑性淀粉的化学键变化和复合材料制品化学键的变化机理,对比了4种复合材料中淀粉和纤维分子间氢键的强弱。拉伸强度和压缩强度实验结果表明,剑麻纤维增强的复合材料的拉伸强度最高可达3.75 MPa,压缩强度最高可达1.26 MPa,远远好于纸浆纤维、稻草纤维和木质素纤维复合材料。SEM图像显示了热塑性淀粉和生物质复合材料的微观结构形态。In order to solve the surface binding problem between starch and plant fibers of the biomass composites,to explore the impact of starch/fiber pretreatment on molecular hydrogen bonds,and to improve the mechanical properties of biomass composites,in this paper,the component compatibility was optimized and the composites reinforced with fabricate sisal fiber,pulp fibers,straw fiber and wood fiber were prepared.Through infrared spectroscopy experiment,the changing mechanism of the chemical bonds of thermoplastic starch and composites was studied,as well as the comparison of the strength of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the four kinds of composites.The tensile and compression tests revealed that the tensile strength of sisal fiber reinforced composites was up to 3.75 MPa,and the compression strength was up to 1.26 MPa.Obviously,the mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced composites were far better than the other three kinds of composites.SEM images showed the microstructure of the thermoplastic starch and biomass composites.

关 键 词：植物纤维 生物质复合材料 红外光谱 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]