格网化资源环境综合科学调查的若干问题思考  

Some In-depth Thoughts on Resources and Environmental Comprehensive Scientific Expedition Using Gridding Approach in China

作　　者：王卷乐[1] 孙九林 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2015年第7期758-764,共7页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作重点项目"格网化资源环境综合科学调查规范"(2011FY110400)

摘　　要：资源环境综合科学调查,是获取反映区域自然基础和社会发展情况的科学数据和资料的重要手段。中国幅员辽阔、地理国情复杂且数据资料积累薄弱,因此,我国重视并长期发展资源环境综合科学调查。然而,由于不同时期、不同区域开展的综合科学调查,在时空尺度、调查内容、技术规范等方面存在很大差异,尽管资料获取越来越多,但仍难以集成利用,缺少对我国总体资源环境的认识。能否以格网化的思路来获取和管理考察资料,能否有适宜于资源环境调查的标准规范,来集成历史资料并指导未来的动态监测,能否建成一个中观尺度的长期资源环境调查系统?针对这些问题,结合当前正在实施的格网化资源环境综合科学调查规范项目的实践,提出以下一些思考,包括:资源环境调查格网体系、格网的剖分与编码、资源环境调查标准规范、资源环境调查适宜尺度、属性数据格网化、格网化数据获取与管理、资源环境数据共享与应用。Comprehensive scientific expedition is one of the important approaches to acquire regional resources and environment background data. China is a vast country with complex geographical conditions. However, the incompatibly weak capacity in data collection has raised great attention to Chinese government for the long-term development of integrated environmental and scientific investigation. Nonetheless, many setbacks exist in the integrated applications of acquired data due to the differences in spatio-temporal scales, survey contents and technical standards of historical scientific investigations. Thus, although we have acquired more and more data during long term investigations, it is still quite difficult to use these data correlatively, which also leads to the lack of understanding about the country＇ s natural resources and surrounding environment. Thereby, some questions arise, such as is it possible to get and further manage the investigated data by the methods of gridding; are there any existing norm standards, which are suitable for the investigation of natural resources and environment, to help aggregate the long-term accumulated data and guide the dynamic monitoring process in the near future; and is it truly feasible to build a long term medium scale system for natural resources and environment survey？ Based on an ongoing integrated investigation on natural and environmental resources, this paper, brings up with some in-depth thoughts, such as the grid system for resources and environment surveys, the standards and subdivision of geographical grids, the norm standards of resources and environment investigation, the appropriate scale for resources and environment survey, the gridding process of attribute data, the acquisition and management of grid-based data, and the sharing and application of resources and environmental data.

关 键 词：资源环境 综合科学调查 格网化 多级格网 标准规范 

分 类 号：P2-0[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]