新疆土地耕作适宜性的多自然地理要素评价方法  

Suitability Evaluation of Land Cultivation in Xinjiang Based on Multiple Natural Geographical Factors

作　　者：方月[1,2,3,4] 程维明[2] 周成虎[1,2] 陈曦[1] 田长彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 [3]中国科学院大学 [4]中国人民解放军91039部队

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2015年第7期846-854,共9页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(2015CB954101);科技基础性专项(2011FY110400-2);测绘地理信息公益性行业科研专项(201512033);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171332)

摘　　要：新疆维吾尔自治区地处中国西北边陲,研究该区宜耕土地资源的空间分布,对促进其土地资源合理开发,确保国家耕地安全和粮食安全具有重大现实意义。本文基于多源自然地理要素,对新疆土地资源的耕作适宜性进行GIS多级评价。首先,选取地形、气候、土壤和生态4要素共10个宜耕因子,采用综合指数法与极限条件法相结合的评价方法,构建了新疆宜耕土地资源评价模型;然后,将模型结果与基于地貌数据获得的宜耕区域叠加对比,确定对模型结果的分级标准,得到新疆宜耕土地资源的数量、质量及空间分布格局;最后,利用2000、2005和2013年3期土地利用数据,验证了模型的合理性和科学性,同时,通过统计分析找出模型中需进一步完善之处。Located in the northwest frontier of China, Xinjiang holds an important strategic position. Carrying out a study on the distribution of suitable arable land resources of Xinjiang may have a great significance in pro- moting the rational development of Xinjiang＇s land resources and ensuring our country＇s arable land and food se- curity. Based on multi-source natural geographical data, through building an evaluation model with GIS, this arti- cle made a multi-level comprehensive evaluation from the spatial aspect on the suitability of land cultivation inXinjiang. First of all, choosing 10 indicators from 4 factors including topography, climate condition, edaphic con- dition and ecological condition, making use of the function of spatial analysis in GIS, and combining comprehen- sive index method with limiting conditions, this article constructed the evaluation model of arable land resources in Xinjiang, from the standpoint of the suitability of land cultivation. Furthermore, the modeling results were compared with the actual arable area extracted from topography, which would be used to determine the classifica- tion standard of the results, so that we can evaluate the quantity, quality and spatial pattern of arable land resourc- es in Xinjiang. At last, using the data of cultivated land resources in 2000, 2005 and 2013 in Xinjiang, the re- search effectively proved the scientificity and rationality of the evaluation model, and also figured out the neces- sity for further improvements.

关 键 词：适宜性评价 宜耕土地资源 GIS 新疆 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]