委托投票、半竞争性选举与基层弱民主化治理——以C县上付村六届(1999—2014年)村委会选举为例  

Proxy Voting,Semicompetitive Elections and Weak Democracy Governance at Grass- roots Level——Based on the Six Elections( 1999—2014) of Villager Committees in Shangfu Village of County C

作　　者：尹利民[1,2] 穆冬梅 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学廉政研究中心 [2]公共管理学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第3期29-35,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"健全地方重大决策社会稳定风险评估机制研究"(13YJA840029);江西省社会科学"十二五"规划项目"加快江西省新型城镇化建设研究"(14SH01);江西省教育厅重点研究基地招标项目"村委会选举;农民上访与村务腐败的关系研究"(JD1350)

摘　　要：在当前我国农村选举中,委托投票、半竞争性选举与基层弱民主化治理存在紧密关系。通过典型案例分析发现:由于乡镇对选举结果控制逐渐弱化及村民参与选举积极性的提高,村委会选举的竞争性有所增强,但又因农民流动性的增强,导致了委托投票现象普遍,从而改变了村委会选举的逻辑,使之呈现出一种半竞争性选举的态势。此举虽然有助于促进中国基层的民主化治理,但它在推动选民参与的广泛性、平等性以及保护性等方面仍然比较弱。因而,半竞争性选举对应的是一种弱民主化治理。竞争性选举才是中国基层民主化治理的应然选择,也是中国农村村民自治的有效实现形式。The relationship among the proxy voting, semicompetitive election and weak democratic governance at grass - roots level has been investigated based on a typical case. Results reveals that the competition for the elec- tion of villagers committees is enhanced because the villagers actively participate in the campaign and the town gov- ernment loosens the control on the results of election ;meanwhile, the proxy voting phenomenon is popular in virtue of a large number of voters who are migrant workers, which changed the logic of village - committee election,leading to a semicompetitive election. Although the semicompetitive election can help the governance of Chinese grass - roots democracy, it is weak in promoting the universality, equality and protection of voter participation, and the nego- tiation about the mutual restraint between the state agents and voters. Therefore, the semicompetitive election is cor- responding to a kind of weak democratic governance; while the competitive election is not only an inevitable choice of Chinese grassroots democratic governance but also an effective form of realizing Chinese villager autonomy.

关 键 词：委托投票 半竞争性 弱民主化 村委会选举 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学]