古代政治文化与奏议文体变迁——以表、状、札子为例  

The Ancient Political Culture and the Changing of Zouyi's Style——Taking for Examples Biao,Zhuang and Zhazi

作　　者：梅华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院文学院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第3期116-122,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学项目"宋代文集序跋研究"(2015SJB243)

摘　　要：奏议在古代多用于臣子向皇帝言事、陈情、谢恩等场合,是君臣沟通交流的重要方式。表作为一种文体出现较早,带有某种程序化倾向,其功能在历代多有发展变化。状盛行于唐代,并为后世所沿用,主要可分为奏状与申状,各有其不同的功能与体式。札子兴于两宋,用于明清,一般体式简短,一事一札,但发文主体受到较为严格的限制。表、状、札子作为典型的上行公文,每一类均有其独特的源流演变、文体功能与写作要求,其中也蕴藏着特殊的政治文化。Memorials to the throne in ancient times used for the courtiers to report important things, impress their feelings and thank emperor for his kindness, are an important way of communication of the monarch and his subjects. As an article style, Biao with some program tendency appeared earlily, its function changed greatly in the past time. Zhuang,prevailing in the Tang Dynasty and followed in later generations, can be divided into memorial Zhuang and declaraing Zhuang, and the two each have their own vailing in the Song dynasty and following in the Ming and Qing different functions and different styles. Zhazi, pre- dynasties, is short in formatting, its rule being one thing in an article, but the applying subjects are more stringent restrictions. Biao, Zhuang, Zhazi as the typical up- stream documents, every category has a unique source and development, stylistic function and writing requirements.

关 键 词：政治文化 奏议文 表 状 札子 

分 类 号：K206.5[历史地理—历史学]