植被覆盖度对黄土高原地区土壤入渗及产流影响的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Influence of Vegetation Coverage to Soil Infiltration and Runoff-Producing of the Loess Plateau Region

作　　者：赵梦杰[1,2] 姚文艺[2] 王金花[2] 肖培青[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2015年第6期41-43,67,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2014B25014);国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2011CB403303)

摘　　要：通过野外人工模拟降雨试验,研究了植被覆盖度变化对土壤含水率、坡面入渗及产流的影响,为揭示植被作用下土壤侵蚀产沙机理提供支撑。研究结果表明:1植被覆盖度不同,表层土壤含水率在降雨前后会有很大差异,其增加幅度随着植被覆盖度增加而增大,同时随着植被覆盖度增加,降雨对深层的土壤含水率影响将更为显著;2植被覆盖对初始入渗率、稳定入渗率的影响比较明显,植被覆盖度越高,稳渗率越大,达到稳渗状态的时间越短;3与裸坡面相比,草被坡面有显著的减流效应,随着植被覆盖度提高产流系数有减小趋势,在植被覆盖度达到18%以上时产流系数减小趋势才比较明显,但在暴雨条件下,即使植被覆盖度达到了50%以上,出现产流的时间仍比较短。The paper studied the influence of the variations of vegetation coverage to the soil moisture content,slope infiltration and runoff production through field artificial simulated rainfall and provided support for revealing the mechanism of soil erosion and sediment production under the actions of vegetation. The outcomes show that a) under the different conditions of vegetation coverage,the soil moisture content of top soil before and after rainfall has great difference. The growth range will be increased along with the increase of vegetation coverage and the influence of rainfall to the soil moisture content of deep layer will be more remarkable along with the increase of vegetation coverage; b) the influence of vegetation cover to the initial infiltration rate and limiting infiltration rate is obvious. The higher the vegetation coverage is,the greater the limiting infiltration rate and the shorter time of achieving the statement of constant infiltration will be and; c) comparing with uncovering slopes,the slope with grass has notable effect of runoff reduction. The runoff-producing coefficient has the trend of reduction along with the increase of vegetation coverage. The reduction trend of the coefficient will be more notable when the vegetation coverage reaches to more than18%. But under the conditions of rainstorms,even if the vegetation coverage reaches to more than 50%,the time of runoff production is still shorter.

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 水力侵蚀 土壤含水率 入渗 产流系数 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]