无土基质栽培方式对设施黄瓜植株长势、产量及水分生产效率的影响  

Effect of Soilless Substrate Culture Patterns on the Growth,Yield and Water Production Efficiency of Cucumber in Greenhouse

作　　者：张玉玲[1] 蒙冠霖 虞娜[1] 范庆锋[1] 邹洪涛[1] 张玉龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第12期43-46,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：沈阳市农业科技攻关资助项目(F11-117-3-00;1091108-3-02);辽宁省设施蔬菜创新团队资助项目

摘　　要：以黄瓜为试材,采用设施栽培小区试验方法,研究了不同无土基质栽培方式对黄瓜植株长势、产量及水分生产效率的影响。结果表明：与低基质床-非打孔处理相比,高基质床-非打孔、高基质床-打孔和高基质床-侧坑3个处理均可以显著提高黄瓜植株长势、产量和水分生产效率,但以高基质床-打孔处理提高幅度最大,其黄瓜产量和水分生产效率的提高幅度均为10.32%。因此,炉渣（3~5cm块状）∶草碳∶农家肥∶生物有机肥的质量比约为10∶6∶2∶1,基质床高约为20cm,底铺塑料膜打孔1~2cm,可以很好地协调无土基质栽培的水、肥、气、热的环境条件,有利于黄瓜生长发育。Taking cucumber as material, effect of different soilless substrate culture patterns on the cucumber growth, fruit yield and water production efficiency were studied by carrying out plot experiment in greenhouse. The results showed that three treatments （high substrate bed combined with non-perforation treatment, high substrate bed combined with perforation treatment, high substrate bed combined with side pit treatment） could significantly increase the plant growth, yields and water production efficiency of cucumbers compared with low stroma bed combined with non-perforation treatment. The increasing range of high substrate bed combined with perforation treatment was the highest,the increasing range of cucumber yield and water production efficiency were all up to 10. 32%. Therefore, the best one was high substrate bed combined with perforation treatment. It included mixed slag （bulks in a width of 3--5 cm）, peat, manure and bio-organic fertilizer in a weight ratio of 10 ： 6 ： 2 ： 1, covering a 1- 2 cm wide plastic film with the bottom perforations,and 20 cm substrate bed. It could coordinate the water, fertility, air and heat environment of the soilless culture well and was beneficial to the cucumber growth and development.

关 键 词：无土基质栽培 黄瓜 植株长势 产量 水分生产效率 

分 类 号：S604.7[农业科学—园艺学] S642.2