桃三倍体种质的花粉形态及萌发特性  

Pollen Morphology and Germination Characteristics of Peach Triploid Germplasms

作　　者：王尚德[1] 王晓川[1] 刘佳棽[1] 蒋海月[1] 武文娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院农业综合发展研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第12期80-84,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：北京市农林科学院青年基金资助项目(QNJJ201306);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项资助项目(KJCX20140108);科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2013FY111700-2)

摘　　要：以同起源的二倍体为对照,采用显微测量和离体培养方法,对3份桃三倍体种质的花粉形态及萌发特性进行了观察分析。结果表明:桃三倍体种质的花粉在大小、形态等方面存在巨大差异,花粉粒径大小分布无明显的规律,横径的众数占比约为20.0%~40.0%,远低于二倍体种质的66.0%~76.0%;三倍体种质的花粉萌发率低,仅4.1%~17.5%,而二倍体的萌发率高达60.2%~75.8%;二倍体花粉萌发花粉以体积为(67.1±7.1)×103μm3的正常花粉为主,而三倍体种质‘10-15-23’,‘10-15-16’萌发最多的为体积分布在(95.3±7.1)×103μm3的大花粉。By microscopic measurement and in vitro germination, pollen morphology and germination characteristics of three triploid germplasrns of peaches were observed and analysed, to contrast that of the same origin of diploid of peaches. The results showed that, for triploid,the size and shape of pollen varied between a large scale, no regular mode of the distribution of pollen grain sizes could he drawn, pollen minor diameter mode proportion of triploid ranges in 20. 0%--40. 0% ,far lower than that of diploid,which was 66%--76% ;the pollen germination rate of triploid was low, only 4. 08%--17. 52% ,while that o{ diploid was up to 60. 8%--75. 8%. Thirdly,most of germinated pollens of diploid peaches were the ones with （67. 1±7. 1）×103 μm3 as their volume,While those of triploid ＇10-15-23＇, ＇10-15-16＇ were lar^er pollens in volume （95. 3±7. 1）×10a uma.

关 键 词：三倍体 桃 花粉 

分 类 号：S662.103.6[农业科学—果树学]