政策试点的特征:基于《人民日报》1992—2003年试点报道的研究  

Patterns of “Experimentation Point ”: Evidence from People's Daily's 1992—2003Reports on Policy Experimentation Point

作　　者：梅赐琪[1] 汪笑男 廖露[1] 刘志林[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2015年第3期8-24,202,共17页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71403143);清华大学自主科研项目(2014z21018)

摘　　要：政策试点是具有中国特色的政策创新模式。由于相关数据的缺乏和研究方法的局限,现有文献中较少关于政策试点的全景式的研究。论文搜集了1992—2003年间《人民日报》所有关于地方政府"试点"的报道进行编码,分析试点的政策领域、发起方、实施方以及随时间变化的规律。研究发现,中国的政策试点明显受到自上而下的政治权威的影响:中央的政策偏好对于政策试点的方向影响较大;上级政府更有可能成为政策试点的发起者且能够在特定的政策领域推行政策试点。One defining characteristic of China's policy innovation is the use of'experimentation points'. However,due to the lack of adequate data and analysis tools,the existing literature has not yet provided a full picture of China's policy experimentation points. We coded all the People's Daily's reports on policy experimentation points from 1992 to 2003 to study patterns that may appear. Variables included the time, policy areas, initiators and locations of experimentation points.Based on our findings,the pattern of policy experimentation points has been significantly influenced by China's top- down political authority. Specifically,policy preferences of the central government affect the likelihood of a policy area to be chosen to conduct experiments. Furthermore, superior governments are more likely to initiate policy experimentation points and have the ability to install experimentation points in policy areas when necessary.

关 键 词：政策试点 政策创新 中央地方关系 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]