低鱼粉饲料中补充晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙在凡纳滨对虾上饲喂效果的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Feeding Effects of Crystalline Methionine and Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Calcium Supplemented in Low Fish Meal Diets for Pacific White Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

作　　者：黄文文[1] 霍雅文 王猛强 周歧存[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,鱼类营养研究室,宁波315211

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第6期1722-1732,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家公益性(农业)行业专项(201003020);宁波市农业攻关项目(2011C10006);宁波大学水产浙江省重中之重一级学科开放基金

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较低鱼粉饲料中补充晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙在凡纳滨对虾上的饲喂效果。试验选用初始体重为(0.40±0.00)g的凡纳滨对虾630尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复放养30尾对虾,进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验共配制7种试验饲料,对照组为30%的高鱼粉饲料,试验组饲料为用豆粕、花生粕和鸡肉粉混合蛋白质源分别替代对照饲料中16.67%、33.33%和50.00%鱼粉,并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙或晶体蛋氨酸,使其蛋氨酸含量与对照组一致。结果表明:各组对虾的成活率无显著差异(P>0.05);同一鱼粉替代水平下,羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率显著高于晶体蛋氨酸组(P<0.05)。复合蛋白质源替代16.67%鱼粉并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率和特定生长率同对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组对虾的全虾粗蛋白质、干物质含量与肌肉粗脂肪、粗灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组的全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于各试验组(P<0.05);全虾粗灰分含量以对照组最高,但与复合蛋白质源替代16.67%、33.33%鱼粉并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙组差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着鱼粉替代水平的升高,羟基蛋氨酸钙组的血清总蛋白和甘油三酯含量均呈上升趋势,而晶体蛋氨酸组则呈下降趋势;同时,羟基蛋氨酸钙组与晶体蛋氨酸组的血清总胆固醇含量和碱性磷酸酶活性均有先上升后降低的趋势;血清白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白及葡萄糖含量在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,与补充晶体蛋氨酸相比,低鱼粉饲料中补充羟基蛋氨酸钙能更有效地改善凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和饲料利用效率,但效果仍不及对照饲料。An 8-weeks feeding trial was conducted to compare the feeding effects of crystalline methionine （ C-Met） and methionine hydroxy analogue calcium （ MHA-Ca） supplemented in low fish meal diets for Pacific white shrimp （ Litopenaeus vannamei） . A total of 630 juvenile Pacific white shrimp with an initial body weight of （0.40±0.00） g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 shrimp for each rep-licate. Seven iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipid diets were formulated as experimental diets. Diet which was supple-mented with 30% fish meal was used as control diet. The diets of experimental groups used soybean meal, pea-nut meal and poultry meal complex protein source to replace 16.67%, 33.33% and 50.00% fish meal on the basis of control diet, respectively, and MHA-Ca or C-Met were supplemented to the experimental diets in order to match the methionine content of the control diet. The results showed as follows： the survival rate （ SR） of shrimp was not significantly different among all groups （P〈0.05）. With the same replacement level of fish meal, shrimp fed the diets supplemented with MHA-Ca had significantly higher weight gain rate （ WGR） , spe-cific growth rate （ SGR ） , feed efficiency （ FE ） , protein efficiency ratio （ PER ） and protein retention rate （ PRR） than those fed the diets supplemented with C-Met （ P〈0.05） , and shrimp fed the diets used complex protein source to replace 16.67% fish meal and supplemented with MHA-Ca had no significant differences in WGR and SGR compared with shrimp fed the control diet （ P〉0.05） . No significant differences were observed in the contents of crude protein and dry matter in whole body and the contents of ether extract and ash in muscle （P〉0.05）. The ether extract content in whole body was significantly higher than that in each experimental group （P〈0.05）. The ash content in whole body in control group was the highest, but had no significant differences compared with shrimp fed the

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 羟基蛋氨酸钙 晶体蛋氨酸 生长性能 血液指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]