粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响  

Effects of Enterococcus faecalis Substitute for Antibiotic on Growth Performance,Diarrhea Rate,Blood Biochemical Parameters and Immune Organs of Weaner Piglets

作　　者：史自涛 姚焰础[1] 江山[1] 肖融[1] 刘作华[1] 杨飞云[1] 董国忠[2] 郭致君[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院,农业部养猪科学重点实验室,养猪科学重庆市市级重点实验室,荣昌402460 [2]西南大学动物科技学院,北碚400715 [3]北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第6期1832-1840,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD26B02);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403047)

摘　　要：本试验在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的粪肠球菌,研究其替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和腹泻率、血液生化指标以及免疫器官的影响。选取120头（28±2）日龄平均体重为（7.60±0.81） kg的“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复（公母各占1/2）,每个重复4头,每个重复为1圈。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和400 mg/kg 杆菌肽锌,3个粪肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加40、200和1000 mg/kg粪肠球菌,试验期31 d。试验结果显示：1）在1～14 d,饲粮中添加抗生素和粪肠球菌对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量（ ADFI）、平均日增重（ ADG）以及料重比（ F/G）无显著影响（ P〉0.05）。在15～31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI和ADG（ P〈0.01）。在1～31 d,与对照组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组的ADFI均极显著提高（ P〈0.01）,而ADG分别显著和极显著增加（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）；与抗生素组相比,1000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI（P〈0.01）,而200和1000 mg/kg组的ADG分别显著和极显著增加（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）。2）在1～14 d,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg组的腹泻指数和腹泻率显著降低（ P〈0.05）。在15～31 d和1～31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,40和1000 mg/kg组均可在一定程度上降低腹泻率（P〉0.05）。3）与对照组相比,粪肠球菌可以显著提高血液中总蛋白含量（P〈0.05）,其中200和1000 mg/kg组达到极显著水平（ P〈0.01）,且这2组分别可以显著和极显著提高球蛋白含量（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）。与抗生素组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组可以显著提高总蛋白含量（P〈0.05）。与对照组相比,抗生素组和1000 mg/kg 组的白球比显著降低（P〈0.05）,另外,抗生素组血液中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低（P〈0.05）,200 mg/kg组的谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低（ P〈0.05）This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, di-arrhea rate, blood biochemical parameters and immune organs of weaner piglets. One hundred and twenty crossbred piglets （Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire） weaned at （28±2） days of age [the average body weight was （7.60±0.81） kg] were selected and divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group （3 males and 3 fe-males） and 4 piglets per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, antibiotic group was fed the basal di-et＋100 mg/kg colistin sulphate and 400 mg/kg bacitracin zinc, and the three Enterococcus faecalis groups were fed the basal diet＋40, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. The trial lasted for 31 days. The results showed as follows：1） from 1 to 14 days, the diets supplemented with antibiotic and Entero-coccus faecalis had no significant differences in average daily gain （ ADG） , average daily feed intake （ ADFI） and feed/gain （ F/G） （ P〉0.05） . From 15 to 31 days, compared with the control and antibiotic groups, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADFI and ADG of weaner piglets （ P〈0.01） . From 1 to 31 days, compared with the control group, ADFI of weaner piglets in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups were sig-nificantly increased（P〈0.01）, and ADG was significantly increased （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, respectively）.＆amp;nbsp;From 1 to 31 days, compared with the antibiotic group, 1 000 mg/kg group could significantly increased ADFI （ P〈0.01） , while 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADG （ P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, re-spectively） . 2） From 1 to 14 days, 40 mg/kg group could significantly decreased diarrhea index and diarrhea rate compared with the control groups （ P〈0.05） . From 15 to 31 days and 1 to 31 days, 40 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could decreased diarrhea rate in some degree compared with the control and antibiotic groups （ P〉0.05） . 3） Compared with the contro

关 键 词：粪肠球菌 断奶仔猪 抗生素 生长性能 腹泻率 血液生化指标 免疫器官 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S828[农业科学—畜牧学]