云南榧树群落及其植物区系特征研究  

Floristic Characteristics and Flora of Torreya yunnanensis Community

作　　者：侯昭强 文光玉[1] 周丹[1] 李敏敏[1] 杜凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2015年第3期37-44,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：第二次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查(林护发(2012)87号)

摘　　要：对云南榧树所处的群落结构及生境进行调查,结果显示,云南榧树群落分布海拔2 160-2 970 m,在16个样方累计6 400 m2的样方面积中有维管植物90科199属258种,其中被子植物74科173属225种,裸子植物3科8属9种,蕨类植物13科18属24种。云南榧树所处群落为针-阔混交林,组成群落的乔木层物种48种,灌木层物种68种,草本层物种116种,层间植物最少,有26种;群落中乔木层重要值最大的是云南榧树,为15.58%,青冈、华山松、光叶高山栎、云南铁杉的重要值依次减小。群落种子植物属、种分布区成分都以温带地理成分为主,分别有104属、217种,占总属数的63.80%,占总种数的84.11%。群落中高位芽植物有83种,占32.17%,其中以矮高位芽为主,有48种,占18.60%,地面芽有76种,占29.46%。说明云南榧树群落与温带区系联系更为紧密;2个中国特有属,83个特有种,说明该区域特有性较低;次生物种116种,群落次生度高达43.80%,可见该区域的云南榧树群落次生性很高。This study investigates the structure and habitat of Torreya yunnanensis communities through an analysis of 16 plots totaling 6 400 m2, distributed in the altitude range of 2 167 - 2 975 m. According to the survey re- suits, there are 258 vascular plants in total, belonging to 90 families and 199 genera, of which 225 kinds are an- giosperm belonging to 74 families and 173 genera, 9 kinds are gymnosperm, belonging to 3 families and 8 genera, and 24 kinds are ferns, belonging to 13 families and 18 genera. Torreya yunnanensis communities are located in mixed broadleaf-conifer forests, in which there are 48 arbors, 68 shrubs, 116 herbs and 26 interlayer species. The community tree layer with the highest value is Torreya yunnanensis, with a value of 15.58, while values steadily decrease with Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Pinus armandii, Quercus pseudosemecarpifolia, and Tsuga dumo- sa. Community seed plant genera and species distribution are dominated by temperate elements, with 104 genera （63.80 % of the total） and 217 species （84. 11% of the total）, 83 species of community phanerophytes （32. 17 % of the total） dominated by 48 species of dwarf phanerophytes （ 18.60 % of the total） and 76 species of ground shoots （29.46 % of the total） . In terms of temperate flora in Torreya yunnanensis communities, there are 2 Chinese endemic genera and 83 endemic species, indicating that the region has low endemism, as well as 116 kinds of secondary species （ or up to 43.80 % of the total）. The region of Torreya yunnanensis is thus heterogene-ous and contains high levels of secondary species.

关 键 词：云南榧树 群落结构 植物区系 次生度 

分 类 号：S791.53[农业科学—林木遗传育种]