沙颍河沈丘段重金属污染及居民机体内暴露水平调查  

Survey of heavy metal pollution and residents' internal exposure levels in Shaying river Shenqiu section

作　　者：刘文一[1] 李岩[1] 巴月[1] 程学敏[1] 左其亭[2] 薛玉堂 崔留欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学水利与环境学院,郑州450001 [3]沈丘县疾病预防控制中心流行病科,沈丘466300

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2015年第3期410-412,共3页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的:了解沙颍河重金属污染水平及居民体内负荷。方法:距沙颍河2 km以内和20 km以外各选取1个自然村作为污染区和对照区,采用直接原子吸收分光光度法和石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法检测环境介质中铅、汞、镉含量,采用溶出伏安法测定人群血超过清铅、汞、镉含量。结果:污染区饮用水、土壤、小麦、叶类蔬菜中铅和镉含量均高于对照区(P均<0.05)。污染区饮用水、土壤中汞含量亦高于对照区(t=4.266、2.246,P均<0.05)。污染区人群血清中铅、汞、镉含量高于对照区人群(t=5.466、2.821、10.736,P均<0.05)。结论:沙颍河沈丘段河水中重金属通过水平扩散、垂直渗透等方式,污染了居民生活饮用水、土壤、叶类蔬菜、小麦,使居民机体铅、汞、镉内暴露水平增高。Aim： To investigate the heavy metal pollution level of Shaying river and the body burden of the residents along the river. Methods： Two villages were chosen respectively as the polluted area and control area. One was located in2 km from the river and the other was 20 km from the river. The contents of lead（ Pb）,mercury（ Hg）,and cadmium（ Cd） in the ambient medium were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry,and the contents of Pb,Hg,and Cd in human serum were detected by voltammetry. Results：The Pb and Cd contents in drinking water,soil,wheat,and leafy vegetables from the polluted area were all higher than those from the control area（ P〈0. 05）. The Hg contents in drinking water and soil from the polluted area were higher than those from the control area（ t = 4. 266,2. 246, P〈0. 05）. The contents of Pb,Hg,and Cd in human serum from residents living in the polluted area were higher than those in the control area（ t = 5. 466,2. 821,10. 736, P〈0. 05）.Conclusion： The drinking water,soil,leafy vegetables and wheat have been polluted by Shaying river Shenqiu section via horizontal spread and vertical permeability,and then raises the internal exposure levels of Pb,Hg,and Cd in the residents.

关 键 词：沙颍河 重金属 污染 内暴露 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]