太平洋鳕仔鱼消化系统发育形态学和组织学观察  

Ontogenetic morphological and histological development of digestive system in larval Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus

作　　者：胡盼[1] 宫雪[1] 韩雨哲[1] 姜志强[1] 潘金露 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2015年第3期243-247,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A413)

摘　　要：采用切片技术和光学显微镜对1~50日龄太平洋鳕Gadus macrocephalus仔鱼的消化系统进行组织学和形态学观察。结果表明：初孵仔鱼消化系统基本没有分化,口和肛门尚未与外界相通,可见肝脏和胰脏;3日龄时,口裂形成,肠道开始分化;6日龄时,消化道已经分化出口咽腔、食道、胃前体、肠和直肠,上下颌可张合,初步具备摄食能力;12日龄时,卵黄囊完全消失,肠道皱褶和黏液细胞数量逐渐增多,消化系统逐渐发育完成,营外源性营养;仔鱼发育至47日龄时,肠道呈螺旋状,消化器官和消化腺趋于完善,接近成鱼。本研究可为太平洋鳕苗种的科学管理和营养饲料学方面的深入研究提供理论依据。The morphological and histological development of digestive system was observed in larval Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus from 1 to 50 days post hatching （ DPH） under a light microscope. No differentiation in the digestive system was found at hatching, the mouth and anus were not opened, and liver and pancreas were appeared. The mouth gape was formed at 3 DPH and the intestine began to be differentiated. At 6 DPH, the digestive tract was consisted of buccopharynx, oesophagus, stomach anlage, intestine and rectum, with movable premaxilla and maxilla, with initial feeding capacity. The yolk sac was depleted completely at 12 DPH, and the intestine folds and mucus cells increased progressively in number, with almost complete digestive system and onset of exogenous nutrition. The intestine was spiral in shape, and the digestive organs and associated glands became further development steadily, similar to that in adult Pacific cod at 47 DPH. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and nutrition for Pacific cod larva rearing.

关 键 词：太平洋鳕 消化系统 发育 组织学 形态学 

分 类 号：S965.321[农业科学—水产养殖]