温度诱导及药物处理对吉富罗非鱼雄性率及生长发育的影响  

Effect of temperature and methyltestosterone on male rate,growth and development of GIFT Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：谭芸 朱佳杰 周宇 刘溪 沈夏霜 罗永巨 甘西 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2015年第3期253-256,共4页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-49);广西八桂学者建设工程专项;广西科技攻关计划项目(桂科重14121004-1-1);广西水产畜牧科技推广项目(桂渔牧科201452014)

摘　　要：以吉富罗非鱼GIFT Oreochromis niloticus同一个家系卵黄囊期鱼苗为研究对象,对比36℃水温诱导与浓度为0.6μg/g(饵料)甲基睾酮投喂对其雄性率及生长发育的影响。结果表明:36℃水温持续诱导10d的平均雄性率为(95.0±1.5)%,而30℃下投喂甲基睾酮10 d的平均雄性率仅为(73.0±2.4)%,投喂20 d后达到(96.0±1.3)%,36℃水温诱导+甲基睾酮投喂10 d的平均雄性率为(95.8±1.8)%,对照组仅为(56.0±2.1)%;后期的生长发育显示,36℃水温诱导+甲基睾酮投喂10 d组的生长速度最快,平均日增重达到了5.42 g/d,显著优于其他组(P<0.05);性腺组织切片观察显示,经过36℃水温诱导后的雌鱼大部分具有两性特征,无法正常排卵。研究表明,36℃水温诱导10 d能显著提高吉富罗非鱼仔鱼的雄性率,其效果已接近甲基睾酮处理20 d的效果,研究结果将有望应用于吉富罗非鱼苗种生产。The effects of water temperature of 36 ℃ and diet containing 0. 6 μg/g methyltestosterone on male rate, growth and development of sibling prolarvae were studied in GIFT Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The results showed that the average male rate of （95. 0±1. 5）% was observed in the fish raised at 36℃ for 10 days. The average male rate of only （73. 0±2. 4）% was found in the fish fed the diet containing 0. 6 μg/g methyltestosterone at 30 ℃ for 10 days. However, the fish fed the diet containing 0. 6μg/g methyltestosterone for 20 days had male rate of up to （96. 0±1. 3）%. The fish fed the diet containing 0. 6 μg/g methyltestosterone at 36 ℃ water for 10 days had male rate of（95. 8±1. 8）%, about 40% higher than the fish in the control group （only 56%） did. The best growth （5. 42 g/d in average）was observed in the GIFT Nile tilapia fed the diet containing 0. 6 μg/g methyltestos-terone at 36 ℃ for 10 days, significantly higher than that the fish in the other groups （P〈0. 05）. Histologically, most females raised at 36 ℃ exhibited bisexuality without normal ovulation. In conclusion, the male rate is significantly improved, close to the fish fed the diet containing methyltestosterone at a dose of 0. 6μg/g feed for 20 days, in larval GIFT Nile tilapia reared at 36 ℃ for 10 days. The findings provide clues for the fingerling production of GIFT Nile tilapia.

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 温度诱导 甲基睾酮 雄性率 

分 类 号：S965.125[农业科学—水产养殖]