泾河水系浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in zooplankton in Jinghe River system in Northwest China

作　　者：白海锋[1,2] 李丽娟[1] 项珍龙 王博涵[1] 殷旭旺[1] 徐宗学[3] 沈红保[1,2] 问思恩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]陕西省水产研究所,陕西西安710086 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2015年第3期291-297,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项(2009ZX07212-002-003);国际科技合作项目(2009DFA22980);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279005)

摘　　要：为了解渭河流域最大支流——泾河水系的浮游动物群落结构特征及水质状况,于2012年10月对该水系15个采样断面的浮游动物群落和水环境理化特征进行了调查,并运用Canoco 4.5软件对浮游动物群落与环境因子进行典范对应分析。结果表明：泾河水系浮游动物种类共有28属42种,其中轮虫占主导,原生动物和桡足类次之,分别占种类总数的85.72%、7.14%和7.14%;游动物密度为0.9-36.0 ind./L,平均值为8.5 ind./L,生物量为0.001 1-0.042 5 mg/L,平均值为0.009 7 mg/L;浮游动物优势种有8种;Shannon-Weiner多样性指数（H）平均值为2.38,Pielou均匀度指数（J）平均值为0.75;浮游动物密度聚类分析结果显示,泾河水系各断面浮游动物可分为4大类群;典范对应分析（CCA）结果显示,驱动泾河水系浮游动物群落结构形成的水环境因子为水温、海拔和河宽。基于浮游动物群落结构特征,根据物种多样性指数对泾河水系水质状况进行评价,结果显示,泾河水系水质属于β-中污染,浮游动物群落结构趋于简单化,需要加强流域生态建设及污染治理。The community structure of zooplankton and characteristics of environment were investigated in 15 sampling sites in the Jinghe River system, as the largest tributary of the Weihe River basin, Northwest China, in autumn of 2012, and analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis using Canoco 4. 5 software. It was found that there were 42 zooplankton species belonging to 28 genera, with dominant rotifers accounting for 85. 72% in the species composition, followed by protozoa （7. 14%） and copepod （7. 14%）. The zooplankton had a density of 0. 9-36. 0 ind. /L, with an average of 8. 5 ind. /L, and biomass of 0. 001 1-0. 042 5 mg/L, with an average biomass of 0. 009 7 mg/L. There were eight dominant species of zooplankton in Jinghe River system, with average Shannon-Weiner species diversity index（ H） of 2. 38 and Evenness index （ J） of 0. 75. Clustering analysis based on zooplankton density revealed that the zooplankton in every section of Jinghe River systems was divided into four groups. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the community structure of zooplankton in Jinghe River system was primarily affected by the water environment including water temperature, altitude and channel width. Water quality evaluation indicated that the water in Jinghe River belonged toβ-middle polluted, and a simple zooplankton community structure based on the community structure of zooplankton, according to the species diversity index. Thus, it is necessary to strengthen the ecological management and to reduce the nonpoint source pollution in Jinghe River.

关 键 词：泾河水系 浮游动物 群落结构 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]