甘肃省中学生传染病认知及健康行为现状调查  

Study on Infectious Diseases Awareness and Health Behavior Status among Middle School Students in Gansu Province

作　　者：胡琦[1] 邵雨薇[1] 王立先[1] 韩芸倩 王增福[1] 韩雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州甘肃730000

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2015年第3期186-188,共3页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2008BAI56B05);兰州市科技计划项目[兰科技字(2013-1-20)86号];中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(11LZUJBWZY058)

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省中学生重点传染病认知及健康行为现状,为进一步开展有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法对甘肃省天水市秦州区和武山县共1 252名中学生进行问卷调查和行为观察。结果中学生流行性腮腺炎、肺结核、流行性感冒的知晓率分别是65.56%、71.53%、72.60%;在被调查的重点传染病认知情况中,初中生与高中生比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);除饭前洗手、便后洗手、吐痰、咳嗽/打喷嚏之外,初中生和高中生在行为方式方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在健康教育需求方面,初中生和高中生认为听医生讲、课堂教具、听老师讲、课程安排、观看录像5种方式非常有效。结论高中生在重点传染病知晓率方面高于初中生,初中生在行为方式上与高中生形成率相似。Objectives To investigate cognitive status and health behaviors of infectious disease among middle school students,and to provide evidence for further behavior intervention.Methods Totally 1 252 middle school students were selected by multi-phase cluster sampling method from Wushan district and Qinzhou district of Tian-shui city in Gansu province.They were surveyed with a questionnaire designed by Chinese Center for Health Educa-tion.Results The awareness rate of mumps,tuberculosis,influenza was 65.6%,71.5% and 72.6%,respectively. The awareness rates of the key infectious disease surveyed were all different （P 〈 0.05 ）between middle school students and high school students.Except for washing hands before meals and after toilet,coughing and spitting, the rates of other behavior formation among high school and middle school students were different （P 〈0.05）.All the students considered that doctor presentation,teaching aid,teacher explanation,curriculum and watching video were very effective behavior intervention methods.Conclusions The awareness rate of high school students for in-fectious disease was higher than that of middle school students,but the behavior formation of high school students was similar with that of middle school students.

关 键 词：中学生 健康教育 知识 行为 干预方式 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]