2011-2013年珠海市前3位出生缺陷围产儿特征分析  

Analyses of the Top Three Birth Defects in Zhuhai City from 2011to 2013

作　　者：贝伟红 戚小兵[1] 伍平[1] 张建端[2] 梅红[2] 

机构地区：[1]珠海市妇幼保健院,广东珠海519000 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2015年第3期230-234,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：广东省卫生厅项目(A2013639)

摘　　要：目的了解珠海市2011-2013年前3位出生缺陷的基本特征和流行趋势,探讨可能的相关因素。方法利用Excel 2003和SPSS 12.0对出生缺陷资料进行回顾性分析。结果珠海市2011-2013年围产儿出生缺陷发生率为16.23‰,前3位依次为先心(4.89‰)、指趾畸形(2.68‰)和唇腭裂(1.22‰)。低龄产妇增加3种先天畸形的发生风险,但高龄仅与先心发生有关。3种畸形儿的性别、产妇孕次及城乡来源构成差异无统计学意义,但先心围产儿母亲高文化程度及家庭经济条件较好的比例高于指趾畸形和唇腭裂,先心中低出生体质量和巨大儿的构成比最高,先心和唇腭裂围产儿中早产儿及死亡构成比显著高于指趾畸形。结论珠海市围产儿先心、指趾畸形和唇腭裂的发生率较高,母亲年龄、文化程度和经济状况等人口学特征与上述出生缺陷存在相关性,需进一步探讨差异发生的内在原因和机制。Objectives To estimate the prevalence of the top three birth defects in Zhuhai city from 2011 to 2013, and to analyze their associated factors. Methods Retrospective perinatal birth defects data from all monitoring insti- tutions in Zhuhai city from 2011 to 2013 were collected and analyzed using Excel 2003 and SPSS 12.0. Results The prevalence of birth defects was 16.23% in Zhuhai city from 2011 to 2013 and the top three birth defects were con- genital heart disease（CHD） （4.89‰）, polysyndactyly （2.68‰） and cheilopalatognathus （1.22‰）. Low pregnant age could increase the risk of the three birth defects, but added risk in high pregnant age was only seen in CHD. No statistically significant difference was noted among children with the top three birth defects regarding their gender, the residential origin and parity of their mothers. Mothers of infants with CHD were found to have a higher educa- tion level and higher monthly income than their counterparts giving birth to children with polysyndactyly or cheilo palatognathus. Compared with their peers, infants with CHD were found to be more likely to be born with low or high birth weight （P〈0.05）. The data demonstrated a significantly higher proportion rate of fatal cases and pre- term in infants with CHD and cheilopalatognathus compared with those with polysyndactyly. Conclusions The in- cidence rate of congenital heart disease, poiysyndactyly and eheilopalatognathus are high, and there are significant variations among children with the top three birth defects regarding their maternal age, education level and the de- mographic characteristics. More studies should be carried out to further explore the understanding of the causes and mechanisms of the top three birth defects.

关 键 词：围产儿 出生缺陷 先天性心脏病 指趾畸形 唇腭裂 对比分析 

分 类 号：R715.8[医药卫生—妇产科学]