生物炭固定化菌剂对含油海水中石油的去除  

Crude Oil Removal from Contaminated Sea Water with Biochar Immobilized Microbial Agents

作　　者：迟建国[1] 吕吉利 高永超[1] 王加宁[1] 张闻[1] 张强[1] 孔学[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院生物研究所,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,济南250014 [2]山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院,济南250014

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2015年第6期13-16,29,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2013DFR90540);"863"计划(2013AA06A210);山东省科学技术发展计划(2014GSF117019);山东省科学院青年基金(2013QN015)

摘　　要：生物炭是由生物质材料经高温限氧热解炭化而成的一种廉价生物材料,生物炭固定化微生物不仅可以确保水体中局部区域微生物的数量优势,同时还可吸附大量的石油污染物,在水体修复中具有很好的开发价值。本研究表明,以松针为前体物制备的生物炭具有良好的石油吸附性能,吸附能力达5 g/g生物炭。枯草芽孢杆菌较适宜于人工海水中石油的降解,以此菌为目标菌研制了生物炭固定化菌剂,4周后石油去除率可达70.1%。石油4组分分析结果表明,该菌剂对饱和烃去除率较高,周去除率达50.8%,其次为芳香烃,为30.4%,胶质和沥青质为4%左右。Biochar is a kind of cheap biomaterial pyrolyzed in high temperature and limited oxygen conditions.The biochar as carrier can not only keep immobilized microorganisms quantity advantage,but also absorb large amounts of crude oil contaminants.Therefore biochar immobilized microorganism technique is a promising technique in remediation of contaminated waters.In our research,the biochar from pine needles has excellent oil sorption capability,which is 5g crude oil per gram biochar.Bacillus subtillus is suitable for remediation of oil contaminated artificial sea water.The biochar immobilized Bacillus s.can remove 70.1% of crude oil after 4 weeks.The oil four components analysis shows that the saturated hydrocarbons can be easily removed by the biochar immobilized microorganism and the removal rate reaches 50.8%,followed by aromatic hydrocarbons,30.4% and resins and asphaltenes,only about 4%.

关 键 词：生物炭 固定化菌剂 海水 石油 去除 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172