纯钨棒材锻造和退火工艺研究  

Research of Forging and Annealing Process of Pure Tungsten Bars

作　　者：傅崇伟[1] 黄江波[1,2] 魏修宇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]株洲硬质合金集团有限公司,湖南株洲412000 [2]硬质合金国家重点实验室,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《硬质合金》2015年第2期83-87,94,共6页Cemented Carbides

摘　　要：采用不同平均锻造比及锻造方式对烧结纯钨棒进行锻造拔长,并在不同退火制度下对锻造后钨棒进行退火,利用金相显微镜、硬度测试仪及密度测试仪对试样微观组织及物理力学性能进行分析,研究结果表明:锻造可显著提高纯钨棒密度及硬度,但平均锻造比过大会导致钨棒出现锻造开裂等现象,在1 450℃下锻造时,平均锻造比应小于32%。与较小平均锻造比、一火一端锻造的钨棒相比,采用较大平均锻造比、一火两端锻造的钨棒的组织更细,硬度更高,HV10可达452.1,在退火时亦需要更高的退火温度及更长的退火时间(1 350℃下退火60 min)才能完成再结晶,且在退火前及退火初期,该工艺锻造的钨棒硬度相对更高,随着回复再结晶的完成,两种锻造钨棒硬度逐渐降低,且硬度差别不再明显。The sintered pure tungsten bars were forged by different average forging ratio and forging method, then were annealed with different annealing process. The microstructure and physical and mechanical properties of the samples were determined by metallurgical microscope, hardness tester and density tester, etc. The results show that both the hardness and the density of pure tungsten bars have been improved remarkably by forging, but the tungsten bars could be cracked once the average forging ratio is too big, and the average forging ratio should be less than 32% when the forging temperature is 1 450 ~. Compared with the tungsten bar forged with smaller average forging ratio and one heating and one end, the tungsten bar forged with bigger average forging ratio and one heating and two ends has finer grain structure and bigger density. Its HV10 is up to 452.1, and it needs higher annealing temperature and longer annealing time （annealing at 1 350 ~C for 60 rain） to recrystallize completely during annealing. The tungsten bars prepared by this kind of process have higher hardness before annealing and at the beginning of annealing. With the recrystallization being completed, the hardness of the two kinds of tungsten bars decreases gradually, and there is no obvious difference between them.

关 键 词：纯钨棒 锻造 退火 

分 类 号：TG319[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] TG166.7