观赏羽衣甘蓝小孢子培养及再生植株倍性变异  

Isolated Microspore Culture and Ploidy Variation of Regenerated Plants in Ornamental Kale

作　　者：王玉书[1] 王欢[2] 范震宇[1] 冯辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [3]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第6期1037-1043,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31401908);齐齐哈尔大学青年教师科研启动支持计划项目(2014k-M21)

摘　　要：试验以5个不同基因型羽衣甘蓝品种为试材进行游离小孢子培养,研究基因型及振荡培养对小孢子胚发生和发育的影响,并对小孢子再生植株染色体倍性进行鉴定,以期创制多样性的观赏羽衣甘蓝DH系,为选育优异羽衣甘蓝品种奠定材料基础。结果表明：基因型影响羽衣甘蓝供试材料小孢子胚状体发生,供试材料中只有4个品种Y007、Y008、Y009和Y010诱导出了胚状体,平均出胚率分别为0.80、1.03、1.97和1.40胚/蕾,不同基因型间的小孢子胚诱导率差异显著,Y014多次重复培养均不能获得胚状体;60 r·min^-1的低速振荡培养能够促进羽衣甘蓝胚状体的发生,加快胚诱导的速度,有利于提高子叶形胚发生的比例;染色体倍性鉴定结果表明：羽衣甘蓝小孢子植株中单倍体、二倍体和四倍体同时存在,不同基因型的倍性变异具有多样性,染色体自然加倍率为3.2%-92.0%。Five F1 hybrids of ornamental kale（ Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala） were used in isolated microspore culture in order to obtain diverse ornamental kale DH lines and lay the foundation of materials for breeding excellent varieties of ornamental kale. The results showed that the genotype affected the frequency of microspore embryogenesis,embryoids were induced from only four varieties,‘Y007＇,‘Y008＇,‘Y009＇and ‘Y010＇among all the test materials,the induced frequency of embryoid was 0. 80,1. 03,1. 97,and 1. 40 embryos per bud,respectively. There were significant differences of embryogenesis rates among different genotypes,‘Y014 ＇ cannot obtain embryoid though cultured with several times. low-frequency shaking with 60 r·min^-1could promote the formation of embryoid,accelerate the embryogenesis,and increase the proportion of cotyledon-shaped embryos. The results of ploidy analysis showed that haploid,diploid and tetraploid can derived simultaneously from microspore,the ploidy variation were diversity and the rates of spontaneous chromosome doubling were 3. 2% to 92. 0%.

关 键 词：观赏羽衣甘蓝 小孢子培养 胚胎发生 植株再生 倍性鉴定 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]