经鼻滴入右美托咪定对肾结石患儿术前镇静的效果  

Preoperative sedation effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on children with kidney stones

作　　者：薛国剑[1] 郝建华[1] 李平[1] 赵京禹[1] 张锦荣[1] 李萌萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院第一附属医院麻醉科,北京100048

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2015年第6期549-551,共3页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨经鼻腔应用右美托咪定在肾结石患儿术前镇静中的临床效果。方法选择36例肾结石患儿,美国麻醉医师协会分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,根据给药途径不同分为静脉组和鼻腔组,每组18例。静脉组患儿予以0.5μg·kg^-1右美托咪定＋15 mL生理盐水静脉输注;鼻腔组患儿予以2.0μg·kg^-1右美托咪定经滴鼻器向患儿双侧鼻腔缓慢轮流滴入。记录2组患儿对用药方式的接受程度、给药后20 min镇静程度、与父母分离时的情绪评分、面罩供氧接受评分及麻醉诱导过程中的不良反应发生率,并进行统计分析。结果 2组患儿在给药后20 min镇静程度、与父母分离时的情绪评分、面罩供氧接受评分及麻醉诱导过程中的不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但鼻腔组患儿对用药方式接受程度显著优于静脉组（P〈0.01）。结论 2.0μg·kg^-1右美托咪定经鼻腔用药应用于肾结石患者术前镇静效果肯定且安全性好,较静脉输注更易接受。Objective To explore the preoperative sedation effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on children with kidney stones. Methods Thirty-six children with kidney stones were selected. American society of anesthesiologist grade wasⅠ- Ⅱ. All children were divided into intravenous group and intranasal group according to the different medication,18 children in each group. Children in intravenous group were given intravenous infusion of 0. 5 μg · kg- 1dexmedetomidine and15 mL normal saline. Children in intranasal group were given 2. 0 μg·kg- 1dexmedetomidine and administration method was alternate and slow drops to bilateral nasal cavity through nose drop device. Acceptance of medication,the degree of sedation 20 minutes after medication,mood scores when parents separated,oxygen acceptance score,the incidence of adverse reaction during anesthesia induction of the two groups were recorded and analyzed. Results The degree of sedation 20 minutes after medication,mood scores when parents separated,oxygen acceptance score,the incidence of adverse reaction during anesthesia induction of the two groups had no statistical difference（ P〉0. 05）. But the acceptance of medication of intranasal group was significantly better than that of intravenous group（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Intranasal dexmedetomidine of 2. 0 μg·kg- 1is more acceptant to children with kidney stones than intravenous infusion for its advantages such as better sedative effect and safety.

关 键 词：肾结石 儿童 右美托咪定 镇静 

分 类 号：R971[医药卫生—药品]