长期鼻饲患者吸入性肺炎抗感染药物治疗及护理干预效果评价  

Effects of anti-infection treatment and nursing intervention in long-term nasal feeding patients with aspiration pneumonia

作　　者：楼月惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴市第六人民医院护理部,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2015年第6期718-721,共4页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：目的探讨对并发吸入性肺炎的长期鼻饲老年患者抗感染药物治疗和加强护理干预的效果。方法将100例长期采取鼻饲饮食的老年患者纳入研究对象,根据数字表的方式随机分为50例的对照组和50例的观察组。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者给予抗感染药物和加强鼻饲饮食的护理干预,并通过适当的口腔护理和心理辅导来降低感染和改善患者不良的心理状态。对比两组患者护理后吸入性肺炎的减少情况,并比较两组患者护理后的心理状态和护理满意度。结果观察组患者给予抗感染药物和加强鼻饲饮食的护理干预,吸入性肺炎(10.00%)、腹泻(8.00%)和便秘的发生率(4.00%)明显低于对照组(38.00%,34.00%,30.00%);SAS评分(32.33±8.09)分和SDS评分(31.46±7.87)分明显低于对照组(48.57±12.15)分和(49.28±12.32)分;护理总满意度(98.00%)明显高于对照组(72.00%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对长期鼻饲老年患者给予合理的抗感染药物和有效的护理干预,可以减少吸入性肺炎的并发情况,改善患者不良情绪,患者对护理的满意度也相应提高。Objective To discuss the effects of nursing intervention and anti-infection treatment on long-term nasal feeding elderly patients with concurrent aspiration pneumonia. Methods 100 elderly patients depending on longterm nasal feeding were included and divided randomly into two groups（ n = 50）. The control group was given routine nursing care,while the observation group was given anti-infection drugs and enhanced nursing interventions by extending the length of stomach tube,changing the patients＇ position and decreasing the food-intake during nasal feeding to prevent aspiration pneumonia from happening,lowering the risk of infection through proper oral care and improving patients＇ psychological condition through psychological counseling. The reduction of aspiration pneumonia in both groups and their psychological condition and degree of satisfaction after the nursing care were compared. Results The incidences of aspiration pneumonia（ 10. 00%）, diarrhea（ 8. 00%） and constipation（ 4. 00%） in observation group,were significantly lower than those in the control group（ 38. 00%,34. 00% and30. 00%）; SAS grade（ 32. 33 ± 8. 09） and SDS grade（ 31. 46 ± 7. 87） were significantly lower than those in the control group,which were（ 48. 57 ± 12. 15） and（ 49. 28 ± 12. 32） respectively. The total satisfaction rate in observation group（ 98. 00%） was significantly higher than that in the control group（ 72. 00%）,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Effective nursing intervention and appropriate anti-infection drugs can reduce the incidence of concurrent aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients who depend on long-term nasal feeding,improve their psychological situation and total satisfaction degree towards the nursing care.

关 键 词：鼻饲 吸入性肺炎 护理 腹泻 干预 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]